ATI LPN
PN Adult Medical Surgical 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with an older adult client who is postoperative following a transurethral resection of the prostate. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Waiting 6 weeks allows healing; ibuprofen may increase bleeding, tub baths risk infection, and driving depends on recovery.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is collecting admission history data from a client who is in a semi-private room. Which of the following data is the priority for the nurse to address?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Recent tuberculosis exposure is a public health priority it's contagious via airborne droplets, risking spread in a semi-private room. Immediate isolation and testing (e.g., PPD, chest X-ray) protect the client, roommate, and staff, per CDC guidelines. Anxiety disorder affects mental health but isn't acutely transmissible or life-threatening here. Migraines cause discomfort, not immediate danger, manageable with later intervention. Nocturia disrupts sleep and may signal underlying issues, but it's less urgent than infection control. TB exposure triggers rapid response respiratory isolation, contact tracing due to its morbidity (e.g., pulmonary damage) and outbreak potential, making it the top priority to address on admission.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is perimenopausal. Which of the following findings is the priority for the nurse to report to the provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Perimenopause involves hormonal shifts causing various symptoms, but priority follows clinical urgency. Urinary frequency stands out it could indicate a urinary tract infection, bladder dysfunction, or even a gynecologic issue like prolapse, all requiring prompt evaluation. Difficulty sleeping, hot flashes, and vaginal dryness are classic perimenopausal symptoms from estrogen decline, managed symptomatically unless severe. Frequency, however, suggests a potential complication beyond hormonal changes, possibly impacting renal or pelvic health. Using the ABCs or Maslow's hierarchy, urinary issues tie to elimination needs, outranking sleep or comfort concerns. Reporting this ensures timely diagnosis (e.g., urinalysis) and treatment, preventing progression to pyelonephritis or chronic conditions, making it the most pressing finding to escalate.
Extract:
History and Physical
1000:
Client reports generalized weakness and increased fatigue over the past few months.
Client states they become short of breath after climbing a flight of stairs and are having difficulty keeping up with their grandchildren.
History of rheumatoid arthritis. Reports taking naproxen 500 mg twice a day.
Client reports they follow a vegan diet.
Denies pain or discomfort.
Bilateral breath sounds clear and present throughout.
Mucous membranes pale.
Apical pulse rapid, regular.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following findings require follow-up? (Client with generalized weakness, vegan diet, pale mucous membranes)
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Decreased activity level and low hematocrit (24%) suggest anemia, requiring follow-up; breath sounds are clear, and other findings are less urgent.
Extract:
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assisting with the care of a postoperative client who is receiving a unit of packed RBCs. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse recognize as an indication of a septic reaction to the blood transfusion?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Vomiting is a sign of a septic reaction due to contaminated blood; distended veins suggest fluid overload, polyuria isn't typical, and hypertension isn't specific.