ATI LPN
PN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a young adult client who has a new prescription for ear drops. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pull the pinna up and back to administer medication. This technique helps straighten the ear canal for proper administration of the drops. Pulling the pinna up and back in adults helps to open the ear canal and ensure the drops reach the eardrum effectively.
Choice A is incorrect as chilling ear drops can cause discomfort.
Choice B is incorrect as pressing a cotton ball can prevent the drops from reaching the eardrum.
Choice D is incorrect as placing an applicator into the ear canal can cause injury.
Extract:
Vital Signs Day 1: Temperature 37.5° C (99.5° F), Heart rate 98/min, Respiratory rate 20/min, Blood pressure 180/86 mm Hg, Oxygen saturation 95% on room air, Weight 90 kg (198 lb); 2 months later: Temperature 37.5° C (99.5° F), Heart rate 48/min, Respiratory rate 20/min, Blood pressure 140/76 mm Hg, Oxygen saturation 97% on room air, Weight 91 kg (200 lb)
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is evaluating the client's response to the medication. The client's ___________ and ____________ indicate the client's condition is improving.
Correct Answer: B, E
Rationale: The correct answers are B (Heart rate) and E (Blood pressure) because they are vital signs that directly reflect the body's response to medication. An improving condition would typically show a decrease in heart rate and blood pressure due to the medication's effectiveness in stabilizing the body's functions. HDL level, potassium level, and weight are not direct indicators of the client's immediate response to medication and may change for various reasons unrelated to medication effectiveness.
Extract:
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for penicillin G. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse plan to monitor?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Urticaria. Penicillin G is known to cause allergic reactions, including urticaria (hives). The nurse should monitor for this adverse effect because it can progress to a more severe allergic reaction such as anaphylaxis. Insomnia (
A), constipation (
C), and nocturia (
D) are not common adverse effects of penicillin G. Monitoring for urticaria is crucial to prevent serious allergic reactions.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is taking sumatriptan. Which of the following reports indicates a therapeutic response to the medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Absence of headache. Sumatriptan is a medication used to treat migraines. A therapeutic response would be the absence of headache, as this indicates that the medication is effectively managing the migraine symptoms. Increased bone mass (
A) is unrelated to sumatriptan. Relief of chest pain (
B) is not a common indication of sumatriptan. Improved mood (
C) is not a direct effect of sumatriptan.
Therefore, the absence of headache (
D) is the most relevant and expected therapeutic response to sumatriptan.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the allergies of a client who has rheumatoid arthritis prior to administering celecoxib to the client. The nurse should identify that which of the following allergies is a contraindication for receiving this medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Sulfonamides. Celecoxib is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAI
D) that belongs to the sulfonamide class. Patients with a known allergy to sulfonamides should not receive celecoxib due to the risk of an allergic reaction. Sulfonamide allergies can manifest as severe skin reactions, such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis, which can be life-threatening. It is crucial for the nurse to identify this allergy as a contraindication to prevent adverse reactions.
Incorrect choices:
B: Shellfish - Shellfish allergy is not directly related to sulfonamide drugs like celecoxib.
C: Fluoroquinolones - Fluoroquinolones are antibiotics and not related to celecoxib.
D: Peanuts - Peanut allergy is not associated with sulfonamide drugs like celecoxib.