ATI LPN
PN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 4
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a newly licensed nurse about age-related changes that affect medication administration for older adult clients. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Renal excretion time slows for medication. As individuals age, there is a decline in renal function, leading to a decrease in glomerular filtration rate and renal blood flow. This results in a slower excretion of medications from the body, leading to potential accumulation and increased risk of toxicity.
Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as hepatic enzymes may actually decrease in function with age, gastric emptying rate tends to slow down, and brain receptors can become more sensitive rather than less sensitive to medications in older adults.
Question 2 of 4
A nurse is caring for an adult client who is receiving albuterol inhalation treatments. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor the client? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A, D, E
Rationale: The correct adverse effects to monitor for with albuterol inhalation treatments are shakiness, tachycardia, and palpitations. Albuterol is a beta-2 adrenergic agonist that can cause sympathetic stimulation, leading to these specific side effects. Shakiness is due to the stimulation of beta-2 receptors in muscles, tachycardia results from the activation of beta-1 receptors in the heart, and palpitations can occur due to increased heart rate. Fatigue and tinnitus are not commonly associated with albuterol use, making choices B and C incorrect. In summary, the correct answers are related to the sympathetic effects of albuterol, while the incorrect choices are not typically seen with this medication.
Question 3 of 4
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for valproic acid. The nurse should review which of the following baseline laboratory values prior to administering the medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Liver function tests. Valproic acid is known to potentially cause hepatotoxicity, so it is essential to assess baseline liver function tests before administering the medication. Monitoring liver function tests can help identify any pre-existing liver conditions and prevent further liver damage. Arterial blood gases (
A) are not directly related to valproic acid administration. Troponin levels (
C) are used to assess heart muscle damage, which is not a concern with valproic acid. Blood glucose levels (
D) are not specifically relevant to valproic acid therapy.
Question 4 of 4
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for prednisone to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following statements should indicate to the nurse that the client understands the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "I will report a sore throat to my provider." This is because prednisone can suppress the immune system, increasing the risk of infections like sore throat. Reporting any signs of infection promptly is crucial.
Choice A is incorrect because prednisone can cause sodium retention, so increasing sodium intake is not recommended.
Choice C is incorrect as prednisone is usually taken with food to minimize stomach irritation.
Choice D is incorrect because weight gain is more common with prednisone due to fluid retention.
Extract:
Nurses Notes 0830: Walk-in clinic visit for adolescent client who is accompanied by their guardian. The guardian states, 'My child has a partner, and I want to be sure that they have some birth control before becoming sexually active': The client states, 'I want to be sure I don't get pregnant or get an STI.' 0915: Witnessed consent signed by client and guardian. Assisted provider with placement of intrauterine device (IUD). Client tolerated procedure well. Provider Prescriptions 0930: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, administer first dose today IM
Question 5 of 4
Which of the following client statements indicate that the nurse's reinforced teaching about the immunization was effective? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: D, F, G
Rationale: The correct answers are D, F, and G. This indicates effective teaching because client D shows understanding of the need for a follow-up shot. Client F understands the preventive benefits against cancer. Client G recognizes the importance of their partner also getting the shot. Other choices are incorrect because client A confuses immunity with immunization timing, B and C show misunderstandings about the shot's purpose, and E is inaccurate about the frequency of booster shots.