ATI LPN
PN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a prescription for alendronate. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "I will take this medication right before I go to bed." Alendronate should be taken on an empty stomach, in the morning, at least 30 minutes before the first food, drink, or medication of the day. Taking it before bed ensures the client has an empty stomach.
Choice A is incorrect because orange juice can interfere with alendronate absorption.
Choice B is incorrect as sitting upright for 30 minutes after taking the medication is the recommended action.
Choice D is incorrect as alendronate is typically taken weekly, not monthly.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is taking high doses of aspirin to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following findings indicates that the client has salicylism?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Tinnitus. Salicylism is a toxic condition caused by high levels of salicylates, such as aspirin, in the body. Tinnitus is a common early sign of salicylism due to its ototoxic effects on the auditory nerve. Nuchal rigidity, pharyngitis, and pruritus are not typically associated with salicylism. Nuchal rigidity is more indicative of meningitis, pharyngitis suggests a throat infection, and pruritus is itching which is not specific to salicylism.
Therefore, tinnitus is the most relevant finding in this context.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for penicillin G. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse plan to monitor?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Urticaria. Penicillin G can cause allergic reactions like urticaria (hives) due to hypersensitivity. The nurse should monitor for skin rashes, itching, and swelling. Insomnia (
A), constipation (
C), and nocturia (
D) are not commonly associated with penicillin G. Insomnia is more related to central nervous system stimulants, constipation is not a common side effect of penicillin, and nocturia is increased nighttime urination which is not typically caused by penicillin.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer acetaminophen 650 mg rectally. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Have the client lie on his left side for 5 min after insertion. This position promotes optimal absorption of the medication. When the client lies on the left side, gravity helps keep the suppository in place and allows it to dissolve and be absorbed more effectively through the rectal mucosa. This position also helps prevent the suppository from being expelled prematurely.
Choice A is incorrect because inserting the suppository 5 cm (2 in) is not necessary for proper administration.
Choice B is incorrect as lubricating the suppository is not essential for rectal administration.
Choice D is incorrect because warming the suppository is not required and may not be safe.
Choices E, F, and G are not provided, so they are not applicable in this scenario.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer an influenza immunization IM to an infant. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Use a ½-Inch needle. For infants, a ½-inch needle is recommended for intramuscular (IM) injections to ensure proper administration of the vaccine into the muscle. Using a shorter needle decreases the risk of reaching the bone or causing tissue damage.
B: Using a 22-gauge needle is not specific to infants and may not be the most appropriate size for their smaller muscles.
C: The flushing technique is not relevant to the administration of the vaccine.
D: The deltoid muscle is not typically used as the injection site for infants; the vastus lateralis muscle is more commonly used due to its larger muscle mass and ease of access.
In summary, using a ½-inch needle is the correct choice for an infant receiving an IM influenza immunization to ensure safe and effective administration.