ATI LPN
ATI PN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for prednisone to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following statements should indicate to the nurse that the client understands the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: "I will report a sore throat to my provider." This indicates understanding because prednisone can suppress the immune system, making the client more susceptible to infections like a sore throat. Reporting this symptom promptly is crucial to prevent complications.
Incorrect choices:
A: Increasing sodium intake is not necessary and can actually be harmful due to prednisone's potential to cause fluid retention and high blood pressure.
B: Prednisone is typically taken with food to minimize stomach upset, so taking it on an empty stomach is not recommended.
C: Weight gain, not weight loss, is a common side effect of prednisone due to increased appetite and fluid retention.
In summary, choice D is correct as it demonstrates understanding of an important side effect of prednisone, while the other choices are incorrect due to potential misinformation or misunderstanding of the medication's effects.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for ceftriaxone. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Maculopapular rash. Ceftriaxone is associated with hypersensitivity reactions, including skin rashes like maculopapular rash. This type of rash presents as small, red, raised spots on the skin and can indicate an allergic reaction to the medication. Monitoring for this adverse effect is crucial to promptly address any potential allergic responses. Constipation (choice
A) is not a common adverse effect of ceftriaxone. Pitting edema (choice
C) and concentrated urine (choice
D) are also not typically associated with ceftriaxone use.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer medication to a client who has a new prescription. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Identify the client using two means of identification. This should be the first action because patient safety is the top priority in medication administration. By verifying the client's identity with two means of identification, such as name and date of birth or medical record number, the nurse ensures that the right medication is given to the right person. This step helps prevent medication errors and ensures patient safety.
The other choices are incorrect because:
A: Validating the prescription with the available medication should come after identifying the client to ensure the medication is being given to the correct person.
B: Calculating the correct amount of medication should be done after verifying the client's identity to ensure the prescription is accurate for that specific individual.
C: Documenting the time of medication administration is important but should come after confirming the client's identity to prevent errors in medication administration.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a prescription for nystatin oral suspension. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Swish the medication in your mouth. Nystatin oral suspension is an antifungal medication used to treat oral thrush. By swishing the medication in the mouth, the nystatin can come into contact with the affected areas in the oral cavity, ensuring better efficacy. Option B is incorrect because nystatin should be taken on an empty stomach for better absorption. Option C is incorrect as using a straw may not ensure proper coverage of the oral mucosa. Option D is incorrect because drinking water after taking nystatin is not a specific instruction for this medication.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic hypertension. The client's morning vital signs include BP 140/80 mm Hg, heart rate 54/min, and respiratory rate 18/min. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to withhold?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Atenolol. Atenolol is a beta-blocker that can further lower the heart rate, potentially causing bradycardia in a client with a heart rate of 54/min, which is already on the lower side. Withholding Atenolol in this case is important to prevent excessive bradycardia.
Choice A: Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor used to treat hypertension, and it would not be necessary to withhold it based on the vital signs provided.
Choice B: Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic that helps lower blood pressure by reducing fluid volume. This medication is not contraindicated based on the client's vital signs.
Choice C: Aspirin is not typically withheld based on the client's vital signs unless there are specific contraindications present.
In summary, the nurse should withhold Atenolol due to the potential for further lowering the heart rate in a