ATI LPN
ATI PN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a prescription for sildenafil to treat erectile dysfunction. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "I will avoid eating fatty foods while I take this medication." This statement shows understanding because sildenafil is less effective when taken with high-fat meals, so avoiding fatty foods can improve its effectiveness.
Choice A is incorrect as sildenafil is usually taken only once a day.
Choice C is incorrect because sildenafil does not protect against sexually transmitted diseases.
Choice D is incorrect as constipation is not a common side effect of sildenafil.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse working in an urgent care clinic is collecting data from a client who takes montelukast. Which of the following is an expected therapeutic effect of this medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Reduced bronchial inflammation. Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist commonly used to manage asthma by reducing inflammation in the airways. This medication works by blocking the action of leukotrienes, which are chemicals in the body that contribute to inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and mucus production in the airways. By reducing bronchial inflammation, montelukast helps in improving breathing and reducing asthma symptoms.
Explanation for why other choices are incorrect:
A: Neutralized gastric acid - This is not a therapeutic effect of montelukast. Montelukast is not used to treat gastric acid-related issues.
B: Improved peripheral vasodilation - Montelukast does not affect peripheral vasodilation. It is primarily used for respiratory conditions.
C: Increased WBC count - Montelukast does not have a direct effect on increasing white blood cell count. It is not used for this purpose.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is planning to administer a tuberculin skin test to a client who has had an exposure to tuberculosis. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Select an injection site that is free of scar tissue. This is important because scar tissue can affect the absorption and interpretation of the tuberculin skin test. Scar tissue can alter the immune response in the skin, leading to inaccurate results. It is crucial to choose a site that is free of scar tissue to ensure accurate interpretation of the test results.
Choice B is incorrect because massaging the site following the injection can potentially spread the solution and distort the test results.
Choice C is incorrect because holding the needle at a 30-degree angle is not necessary for a tuberculin skin test.
Choice D is incorrect because the standard amount to inject for a tuberculin skin test is 0.1mL, not 0.3 to 0.5 mL.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for sustained-release verapamil. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: D - "I will increase my daily intake of fiber and fluid."
Rationale: Verapamil is a calcium channel blocker that can cause constipation as a side effect. Increasing fiber and fluid intake can help prevent constipation. Sitting upright after taking the medication (
A) is not necessary for verapamil. Crushing sustained-release verapamil (
B) can alter its sustained-release properties. Monthly laboratory tests for anemia (
C) are not related to verapamil therapy.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer 0800 medications to a client. The medication administration record (MAR) states 'phenobarbital' and the medication the pharmacy supplied is pentobarbital. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A
Rationale: Checking the prescription in the client's medical record is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take in this situation. By verifying the original prescription, the nurse can confirm the intended medication (phenobarbital) and ensure that the medication supplied (pentobarbital) is indeed a dispensing error. This step is crucial for patient safety as it helps prevent medication errors and potential harm to the client.
Summary of Incorrect
Choices:
B: Asking the client if she has any allergies is important but not the immediate action needed in this situation.
C: Asking the client what medication she took yesterday is not relevant to addressing the current issue of the dispensing error.
D: Checking the client's MAR to see what the client received the day before does not address the discrepancy between the prescribed medication and the medication supplied.