ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology N113 Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is taking benztropine to treat Parkinson's disease. The nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following findings as an adverse effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Difficulty voiding. Benztropine is an anticholinergic medication commonly used to treat Parkinson's disease. Anticholinergic drugs can cause urinary retention by relaxing the bladder muscle, leading to difficulty voiding. The other options are incorrect because diarrhea (
B) is not a common adverse effect of benztropine. Slow pulse (
C) is not typically associated with this medication; in fact, anticholinergics can cause tachycardia. Excessive salivation (
D) is a symptom of decreased salivary production, not an adverse effect of benztropine.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer vitamin K IM to a newborn. Into which of the following muscles should the nurse inject the medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Vastus lateralis. The vastus lateralis is the preferred site for IM injections in newborns due to its large muscle mass and minimal risk of hitting nerves or blood vessels. It is located on the lateral thigh and is easily accessible for injections. Injecting vitamin K IM into the deltoid (
A) is not recommended in newborns due to insufficient muscle mass. Ventrogluteal (
C) and dorsogluteal (
D) sites are not typically used in newborns due to the risk of hitting sciatic nerve or blood vessels. Overall, choosing the vastus lateralis for IM injections in newborns ensures safe and effective administration of medication.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking oral erythromycin. Which of the following statements by the nurse indicates the client is experiencing a common adverse effect of this medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Yellow emesis is a common adverse effect of oral erythromycin due to its irritation of the gastrointestinal tract, leading to nausea and vomiting. This occurs because erythromycin stimulates gastrointestinal motility. A: Ringing in the ears is not a common adverse effect of erythromycin. B: Constipation with abdominal cramping is not a common adverse effect of erythromycin; rather, it can cause gastrointestinal upset. D: Swollen lips are not a common adverse effect of erythromycin; this may indicate an allergic reaction.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the morning laboratory report for a client who has bipolar disorder and recently started taking lithium. The client's current lithium level is 1.2 mEq/L. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer the regular dose of lithium. A lithium level of 1.2 mEq/L is within the therapeutic range (0.6-1.2 mEq/L) for treating bipolar disorder. Thus, the nurse should continue administering the regular dose of lithium. Contacting the laboratory to repeat the lithium level (
B) is unnecessary as the level is already within the therapeutic range. Obtaining an ECG and instituting seizure precautions (
C) is not indicated at this lithium level. Contacting the provider to prescribe an increased dose of lithium (
D) is not needed since the current level is therapeutic.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who begins showing signs of alcohol withdrawal delirium. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Lorazepam. Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine used to manage alcohol withdrawal symptoms, including delirium. It acts by calming the central nervous system and reducing agitation and anxiety. Methadone (
A) is used for opioid withdrawal, not alcohol withdrawal delirium. Acamprosate (
B) is used to maintain abstinence in alcohol-dependent patients, but not for acute withdrawal symptoms. Disulfiram (
C) is an aversion therapy drug used to deter alcohol consumption by causing unpleasant reactions.
Therefore, it is not appropriate for managing alcohol withdrawal symptoms.