ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology 2023 retake 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for lithium. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increase fluid intake. Lithium is a medication used to treat bipolar disorder, and it can cause dehydration and increase the risk of lithium toxicity. By increasing fluid intake, the client can maintain proper hydration levels, which helps to prevent lithium toxicity. This information is crucial for the client's safety and well-being.
Incorrect choices:
B: Decrease sodium intake - While monitoring sodium intake is important with lithium therapy, decreasing it is not necessary.
C: Eat foods high in potassium - While maintaining a balanced diet is important, focusing on potassium specifically is not directly related to lithium therapy.
D: Take the medication 1 hr before meals - Lithium can be taken with or without food, so the timing of meals in relation to medication is not a critical teaching point.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reviewing a list of current medications for a client who is starting therapy with furosemide. Which of the following medications should the nurse identify as being contraindicated?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Lithium carbonate. Furosemide can decrease lithium excretion, leading to increased lithium levels and toxicity. Levothyroxine (
A), Cetirizine (
B), and Albuterol (
D) do not have significant interactions with furosemide. In summary, the other choices are incorrect because they do not pose a contraindication when taken concurrently with furosemide, unlike lithium carbonate.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is checking the forearm of a client who received a tuberculin skin test 48 hr ago. Which of the following findings at the injection site should indicate to the nurse a positive result?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Firmness. A positive tuberculin skin test is indicated by induration (firmness) at the injection site, not redness, swelling, or pain. Induration of 10mm or more is considered positive for most individuals. Excoriation (choice
A) refers to scratching or scraping of the skin, not a typical sign of a positive tuberculin skin test. Ulceration (choice
C) involves open sores, not related to a tuberculin skin test. Bleeding (choice
D) at the injection site is not a sign of a positive result.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who has angina and a new prescription for nitroglycerin ointment. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. The nurse should cover the administration area with plastic wrap when applying nitroglycerin ointment to prevent accidental exposure to others and to ensure proper absorption of the medication. This step helps to enhance the drug's efficacy by promoting direct contact with the skin and preventing it from being rubbed off onto clothing or other surfaces. Massaging the ointment into the skin (
B) may alter the absorption rate and distribution of the medication. Spreading the ointment in a 10 cm2 area (
C) may lead to inaccurate dosing. Applying the ointment in a thick layer (
D) may result in overdose or underdose due to inconsistent dosing.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for alendronate for the treatment of osteoporosis. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Jaw pain. Alendronate, a bisphosphonate medication used to treat osteoporosis, can cause a rare but serious side effect called osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ), characterized by jaw pain, swelling, and possible infection. It is essential for the nurse to instruct the client to monitor for any signs of jaw pain to promptly report to their healthcare provider. Anorexia (
A), insomnia (
C), and bruising (
D) are not typically associated with alendronate use for osteoporosis and would not be common adverse effects that the client needs to monitor for.