ATI LPN
ATI PN Pharmacology 2020 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is taking oral prednisone for long-term management of chronic asthma. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "You should take a calcium supplement while taking this medication." Prednisone can lead to decreased bone density and increase the risk of osteoporosis. Calcium supplementation helps counteract this side effect. Option A is incorrect as rinsing the mouth is important to prevent oral thrush, but not directly related to prednisone. Option B is incorrect as prednisone should be taken with food to minimize stomach upset. Option D is incorrect as weight gain is more common with prednisone due to its effects on metabolism.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has a new prescription for rifampin. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Take this medication 2 hr following a meal. Rifampin should be taken on an empty stomach to maximize absorption. Taking it with food can decrease its effectiveness.
Choice A is incorrect because rifampin is not typically associated with causing insomnia.
Choice B is incorrect because rifampin is known to cause urine discoloration, not blue or green, but red or orange.
Choice D is incorrect because unusual hair growth is not a common side effect of rifampin.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has chronic stable angina and a new prescription for sublingual nitroglycerin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "Take one tablet before a strenuous activity." This is because nitroglycerin is a vasodilator that helps to relieve angina by increasing blood flow to the heart. Taking it before strenuous activity can help prevent angina episodes triggered by exertion.
A: Taking the medication with water is not necessary as it is meant to be dissolved under the tongue.
C: Taking up to four tablets in 15 minutes is incorrect as it can lead to hypotension and other adverse effects.
D: Chewing the tablet is incorrect as it is meant to be absorbed sublingually for rapid effect.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing an acute asthma attack. The nurse should expect to administer which of the following medications?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Levalbuterol. During an acute asthma attack, a short-acting beta agonist like Levalbuterol is the first-line medication to quickly relieve bronchospasm and improve airflow. It acts by relaxing the muscles in the airways, providing rapid relief of symptoms. Cromolyn (
B) is a mast cell stabilizer used for prevention, not acute attacks. Budesonide (
C) is an inhaled corticosteroid for long-term control. Ipratropium (
D) is an anticholinergic bronchodilator used in combination with beta agonists for acute exacerbations, but Levalbuterol is more effective for quick relief.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching about sublingual nitroglycerin with a client who has angina. Which of the following statements indicates an understanding of the instructions?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Feeling the effects of sublingual nitroglycerin within 5 minutes is indicative of proper understanding as it reflects the rapid onset of action. Option A is incorrect as nitroglycerin should be taken sublingually, not with food. Option B is incorrect as nitroglycerin can cause a drop in blood pressure, not slow the heart rate. Option D is incorrect as the client should seek medical attention if pain persists after taking 3 doses at 5-minute intervals.