ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology safety Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 4
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has diabetes mellitus and a new prescription for prednisone. Which of the following statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Answer B is correct because prednisone can increase appetite and lead to weight gain, which can affect blood sugar control in individuals with diabetes. Increased hunger is a common side effect of prednisone, and it is essential for the client to be aware of this to manage their diabetes effectively.
Choice A is incorrect because prednisone typically raises blood sugar levels due to its effects on glucose metabolism, so a decrease in blood sugar would not be expected.
Choice C is incorrect because fever is not a common side effect of prednisone.
Choice D is incorrect because ringing in the ears is not a typical side effect of prednisone use in diabetes management.
Question 2 of 4
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a prescription for oral suspension phenytoin. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Shake the suspension vigorously prior to pouring the medication. This is important because oral suspensions can settle, and shaking ensures even distribution of the medication for accurate dosing.
Choice A is incorrect because red-brown urine is not a common side effect of phenytoin.
Choice B is unrelated to the administration of phenytoin.
Choice D is incorrect because antacids can decrease the absorption of phenytoin.
Question 3 of 4
A nurse is preparing to administer enteric-coated aspirin to an older adult client who had a cerebrovascular accident and has difficulty swallowing medications. The client asks the nurse if she will crush the medication to make it easier to swallow. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: C - That would release all the medication at once, rather than over time.
Rationale: Enteric-coated aspirin is designed to bypass the stomach and dissolve in the small intestine to prevent irritation to the stomach lining. Crushing the medication would disrupt the enteric coating, causing the medication to be released in the stomach instead of the small intestine. This can lead to irritation of the stomach lining and potentially increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. It is important for the medication to be released gradually over time to ensure its effectiveness and safety.
Summary:
A: Incorrect - Stomach acid inactivation is not the primary concern with crushing enteric-coated aspirin.
B: Incorrect - Stomach ache or indigestion is a possibility, but the main issue is the incorrect release of the medication.
D: Incorrect - Mixing crushed enteric-coated aspirin with ice cream would still disrupt the enteric coating and lead to improper release.
Question 4 of 4
A nurse is assisting in preparing an in-service program about preventing medication errors when transcribing a prescription. The nurse is using a dosage example of two tenths of a milligram. Which of the following transcription examples should the nurse use?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 0.2 mg. When transcribing a dosage of two tenths of a milligram, it should be written as 0.2 mg to avoid confusion. Using 2.0 mg (Option
A) implies 2 milligrams, which is ten times the intended dose. Options C, D, and E do not accurately represent two tenths of a milligram due to the presence of additional zeros or decimals.
Therefore, the most appropriate and accurate transcription example is B: 0.2 mg.
Question 5 of 4
A nurse is preparing to administer a vaginal cream to a client. The nurse should instruct the client to lie in which of the following positions while in bed?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Sims position. This position is optimal for vaginal cream administration as it allows easy access to the vaginal area. The client lies on their side with the upper knee flexed, providing good exposure for the nurse to administer the cream effectively.
Choice A (Orthopneic) is incorrect as it refers to a position where the client sits upright to facilitate breathing, not relevant for vaginal cream administration.
Choice B (Prone) is incorrect as it involves lying face down, making it difficult to access the vaginal area.
Choice D (Dorsal recumbent) is incorrect as it involves lying on the back with knees flexed, not ideal for vaginal cream administration as it limits access.