ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology safety Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a prescription for oral suspension phenytoin. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Shake the suspension vigorously prior to pouring the medication. This is important because phenytoin oral suspension can settle over time, leading to inaccurate dosing if not properly mixed.
Choice A is incorrect as red-brown urine is not a common side effect of phenytoin.
Choice B is unrelated to phenytoin administration.
Choice D is incorrect as antacids can interfere with phenytoin absorption.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer enteric-coated aspirin to an older adult client who had a cerebrovascular accident and has difficulty swallowing medications. The client asks the nurse if she will crush the medication to make it easier to swallow. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: C - That would release all the medication at once, rather than over time.
Rationale: Enteric-coated aspirin is designed to dissolve in the small intestine, not the stomach. Crushing it would disrupt this mechanism, leading to the rapid release of the entire dose in the stomach. This can increase the risk of adverse effects such as gastric irritation or ulcers. By maintaining the enteric coating intact, the medication can be slowly absorbed in the intestine, reducing the likelihood of gastrointestinal issues.
Incorrect
Choices:
A: Stomach acid will inactivate some of the medication if I crush the medication. - While stomach acid can affect medication absorption, the primary concern with enteric-coated aspirin is the disruption of its intended slow release mechanism, not inactivation by stomach acid.
B: If I crush it you might experience a stomach ache or indigestion. - This is a potential consequence of crushing enteric-coated aspirin, but the main concern is the immediate release
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assisting in preparing an in-service program about preventing medication errors when transcribing a prescription. The nurse is using a dosage example of two tenths of a milligram. Which of the following transcription examples should the nurse use?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 0.2 mg. When transcribing a dosage of two tenths of a milligram, it should be written as 0.2 mg, as this accurately represents the decimal point placement.
Choice A (2.0 mg) is incorrect because it represents 2 milligrams, which is ten times greater than the intended dose.
Choices C, D, and E all incorrectly represent the dosage as 0.2 milligrams, which is one-tenth of the intended dose.
Therefore, the only correct transcription example is B, as it accurately reflects the intended dosage of two tenths of a milligram.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer a vaginal cream to a client. The nurse should instruct the client to lie in which of the following positions while in bed?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Sims position. This position allows for easy access to the vagina and ensures proper administration of the vaginal cream. In Sims position, the client lies on the left side with the upper leg flexed and the lower leg straight. This position helps expose the vaginal area for treatment.
A: Orthopneic position is upright sitting.
B: Prone position is lying face down.
D: Dorsal recumbent is lying on the back with knees flexed.
Sims position is the most appropriate for vaginal cream administration due to accessibility and comfort.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client following an episode of status asthmaticus. The client has a prescription for two inhalations from an albuterol metered-dose inhaler. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "I will hold my breath at least 10 seconds after inhaling the medication." This statement indicates understanding because holding the breath after inhaling albuterol allows the medication to reach deeper into the lungs for better absorption and effectiveness. Holding the breath for 10 seconds ensures adequate time for the medication to be deposited in the airways.
Choice A is incorrect because holding the inhaler with the non-dominant hand does not directly impact the correct administration of the medication.
Choice C is incorrect as waiting 10 minutes between inhalations is not necessary and may delay proper treatment during an acute asthma attack.
Choice D is incorrect as tilting the head forward while inhaling does not contribute to the effectiveness of the medication.