ATI LPN
PN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for benazepril. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Make sure to change positions slowly. This instruction is important because benazepril, as an ACE inhibitor, can cause orthostatic hypotension, leading to dizziness or fainting when changing positions quickly. By advising the client to change positions slowly, the nurse helps prevent potential falls or injuries.
Choice B is incorrect because grapefruit juice does not interact with benazepril.
Choice C is incorrect because developing a cough is a common side effect of ACE inhibitors, and discontinuing the medication without consulting a healthcare provider could be harmful.
Choice D is incorrect as using salt substitutes can lead to increased potassium levels when taking benazepril, which can be dangerous.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for prednisone to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following statements should indicate to the nurse that the client understands the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct Answer: B - "I will report a sore throat to my provider."
Rationale: Prednisone can suppress the immune system, increasing the risk of infections like sore throat. Reporting this symptom promptly is crucial to prevent serious complications.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because prednisone can cause fluid retention, so increasing sodium intake can worsen this; taking it with food reduces stomach irritation, so taking it on an empty stomach is wrong; and weight gain, not loss, is a common side effect of prednisone.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is taking sumatriptan. Which of the following reports indicates a therapeutic response to the medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Absence of headache. Sumatriptan is a medication used to treat migraines. A therapeutic response would be the absence of headache, as this indicates that the medication is effectively managing the migraine symptoms. Increased bone mass (
A) is unrelated to sumatriptan. Relief of chest pain (
B) is not a common indication of sumatriptan. Improved mood (
C) is not a direct effect of sumatriptan.
Therefore, the absence of headache (
D) is the most relevant and expected therapeutic response to sumatriptan.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for benazepril. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Make sure to change positions slowly. This instruction is important because benazepril, as an ACE inhibitor, can cause orthostatic hypotension, leading to dizziness or fainting when changing positions quickly. By advising the client to change positions slowly, the nurse helps prevent potential falls or injuries.
Choice B is incorrect because grapefruit juice does not interact with benazepril.
Choice C is incorrect because developing a cough is a common side effect of ACE inhibitors, and discontinuing the medication without consulting a healthcare provider could be harmful.
Choice D is incorrect as using salt substitutes can lead to increased potassium levels when taking benazepril, which can be dangerous.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who reports muscle spasms after receiving haloperidol. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Benztropine. Benztropine is an anticholinergic medication used to treat extrapyramidal symptoms like muscle spasms caused by antipsychotic medications like haloperidol. It works by blocking excess acetylcholine in the brain. Metoprolol (
A) is a beta-blocker used for blood pressure, not muscle spasms. Oxycodone (
C) is an opioid for pain relief. Risperidone (
D) is another antipsychotic, not for treating spasms.