ATI LPN
ATI PN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching about phenytoin with a client who had a tonic-clonic seizure. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Monitor for gingival hyperplasia. This is important because phenytoin, an antiepileptic drug, is known to cause gingival overgrowth. This side effect can affect oral hygiene and lead to gum issues. Monitoring for gingival hyperplasia allows early detection and intervention.
A: Incorrect. Phenytoin does not diminish potassium levels.
C: Incorrect. Ginkgo biloba does not affect phenytoin levels.
D: Incorrect. Minimizing sunlight exposure is not directly related to phenytoin therapy.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a prescription for sildenafil to treat erectile dysfunction. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "I will avoid eating fatty foods while I take this medication." This statement shows understanding because sildenafil is less effective when taken with high-fat meals, so avoiding fatty foods can improve its effectiveness.
Choice A is incorrect as sildenafil is usually taken only once a day.
Choice C is incorrect because sildenafil does not protect against sexually transmitted diseases.
Choice D is incorrect as constipation is not a common side effect of sildenafil.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse working in an urgent care clinic is collecting data from a client who takes montelukast. Which of the following is an expected therapeutic effect of this medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Reduced bronchial inflammation. Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist commonly used to manage asthma by reducing inflammation in the airways. This medication works by blocking the action of leukotrienes, which are chemicals in the body that contribute to inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and mucus production in the airways. By reducing bronchial inflammation, montelukast helps in improving breathing and reducing asthma symptoms.
Explanation for why other choices are incorrect:
A: Neutralized gastric acid - This is not a therapeutic effect of montelukast. Montelukast is not used to treat gastric acid-related issues.
B: Improved peripheral vasodilation - Montelukast does not affect peripheral vasodilation. It is primarily used for respiratory conditions.
C: Increased WBC count - Montelukast does not have a direct effect on increasing white blood cell count. It is not used for this purpose.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is planning to administer a tuberculin skin test to a client who has had an exposure to tuberculosis. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Select an injection site that is free of scar tissue. This is important because scar tissue can affect the absorption and interpretation of the tuberculin skin test. Scar tissue can alter the immune response in the skin, leading to inaccurate results. It is crucial to choose a site that is free of scar tissue to ensure accurate interpretation of the test results.
Choice B is incorrect because massaging the site following the injection can potentially spread the solution and distort the test results.
Choice C is incorrect because holding the needle at a 30-degree angle is not necessary for a tuberculin skin test.
Choice D is incorrect because the standard amount to inject for a tuberculin skin test is 0.1mL, not 0.3 to 0.5 mL.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for sustained-release verapamil. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: D - "I will increase my daily intake of fiber and fluid."
Rationale: Verapamil is a calcium channel blocker that can cause constipation as a side effect. Increasing fiber and fluid intake can help prevent constipation. Sitting upright after taking the medication (
A) is not necessary for verapamil. Crushing sustained-release verapamil (
B) can alter its sustained-release properties. Monthly laboratory tests for anemia (
C) are not related to verapamil therapy.