ATI LPN
PN Fundamentals Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching about advance directives with a client who has terminal colorectal cancer. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Gladness to choose care shows comprehension of autonomy in directives.
Choice A is a misconception; changes are allowed.
Choice B oversimplifies.
Choice D is false; no delay applies.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who follows a lacto-vegetarian diet. Which of the following food choices should the nurse recommend?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cheese fits a lacto-vegetarian diet, including dairy but no meat or seafood.
Choices A, B, and C (chicken, clam chowder, tuna) are excluded as they contain meat or fish.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is 2 days postoperative following the placement of a colostomy. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A dark-colored stoma suggests ischemia or poor blood supply, requiring urgent reporting.
Choice A is normal initially post-surgery.
Choice C is expected early on.
Choice D is a typical finding as the stoma adjusts.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to insert an indwelling urinary catheter and is verifying the client's express consent for this procedure. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Witnessing the client's signature on a consent form ensures informed, express consent for the procedure, required for invasive actions like catheter insertion.
Choice A is incorrect as prior consent may not apply to the current procedure.
Choice B is incorrect because co-signing doesn’t verify client understanding.
Choice C is incorrect as verbal consent alone isn’t sufficient for invasive procedures; written consent is standard.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with an older adult client about the aging process. The nurse should instruct the client that which of the following physiological changes are part of the aging process? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: Increased constipation (
C), decreased muscle mass (
D), and decreased cough reflex (E) are aging changes due to reduced motility, sarcopenia, and reflex sensitivity.
Choice A is incorrect as circulation often decreases.
Choice B is incorrect as saliva production typically decreases.