ATI LPN
LPN ATI Fundamental Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing preoperative teaching with a client about how to turn, cough, and deep breathe. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: This can help prevent nausea.' Turning, coughing, and deep breathing exercises are not primarily aimed at preventing nausea. These exercises are designed to maintain lung function and prevent respiratory complications. 'This can help prevent pneumonia.' Correct. Turning, coughing, and deep breathing exercises are essential postoperative activities that help prevent the development of pneumonia by promoting lung expansion, clearing mucus, and preventing atelectasis. 'I should do this every 4 hours.' The frequency of turning, coughing, and deep breathing exercises may vary based on individual client needs and surgical procedures. This statement does not demonstrate a specific understanding of the appropriate timing for these exercises. 'I should do this to keep my heart from beating too fast.' Turning, coughing, and deep breathing exercises are not directly related to heart rate regulation. They are focused on lung expansion and airway clearance.
Question 2 of 5
A charge nurse smells smoke, enters the visitor restroom, and sees flames in the trash can. What is the sequence of actions that the nurse should take? (Move the steps into the box on the right, placing them in the selected order of performance. Use all the steps.)
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: Sequence of Actions: A: Evacuate clients from the area. This is the first and most crucial step to ensure the safety of all individuals in the vicinity of the fire. B: Pull the lever on the fire alarm box. Once the immediate area is clear of individuals, the next step is to alert the rest of the building by activating the fire alarm system. C: Close the fire doors on the unit. This action helps to contain the fire and prevent smoke from spreading to other areas, which can be vital in slowing the fire’s progress and safeguarding other parts of the building. D: Use a fire extinguisher to put out the fire. If the fire is small and contained, and the nurse is trained in its use, a fire extinguisher can be used to douse the flames, preventing further damage.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is taking notes of client information on a piece of paper while receiving a report. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to dispose of the paper?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Obscure the client’s name with a marker prior to disposal: While obscuring the client’s name is better than not doing anything, it does not fully protect their confidential information. The paper could still be read by someone with access to it. Place the paper in a trash can at the nurses’ station: This action does not ensure the proper disposal of confidential information. It could be accessible to unauthorized individuals and breach the client’s privacy. Shred the paper in a secure container: Correct. Shredding confidential information is the best way to ensure that it cannot be accessed or read by unauthorized individuals. Secure the paper in the nurse’s personal locker: While securing the paper in a personal locker is better than leaving it exposed, it is not the most secure method of disposal for confidential information.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is explaining ethics and values to a newly licensed nurse. The nurse should explain that allowing a client to make a decision about a treatment is an example of which of the following ethical principles?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Confidentiality: Confidentiality refers to the duty to respect and protect the client’s private information and not disclose it without the client’s consent or appropriate legal authorization. Nonmaleficence: Nonmaleficence means 'do no harm.' It is the ethical principle that requires healthcare professionals to avoid causing harm to their clients and to balance potential benefits with possible risks. Accountability: Accountability is the ethical principle that refers to the responsibility of healthcare professionals to answer for their actions and decisions in providing care to clients. Autonomy: Correct. Autonomy is the ethical principle that respects a person’s right to make their own decisions about their healthcare. Allowing a client to make decisions about their treatment plan is an example of promoting autonomy and respecting their right to self-determination.
Question 5 of 5
A client who has advanced cancer tells the nurse that they have a difficult time talking to anyone about the illness. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to encourage therapeutic communication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Keep the conversation moving by asking about the client’s family: While engaging the client in conversation is important, this statement does not specifically address the client’s difficulty in talking about their illness. Let the client know that as their nurse, they are available and willing to listen: Correct. This response demonstrates the nurse’s willingness to provide emotional support and active listening. Encouraging the client to express their feelings and concerns about their illness is essential in promoting therapeutic communication. Ask if the client understands what to expect in the advanced stages of the illness: While discussing the client’s understanding of their illness is essential, it does not directly address their difficulty in talking to others about it. Ask the client’s visitors not to say anything about the advanced disease: This response may hinder communication and restrict the client’s opportunity to talk about their feelings and concerns with supportive visitors.