ATI LPN
ATI LPN Med Surg Midterm Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing preoperative teaching to a client who is undergoing total hip replacement surgery. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Using special antiseptic soap before surgery reduces infection risk, a key preoperative instruction.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Intermittent claudication, pain during activity due to poor blood flow, is a hallmark of PAD. Pitting edema and brown discoloration are more typical of venous issues, and pulses are usually diminished in PAD.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has metabolic acidosis. The nurse should realize that which of the following findings contributes to the development of metabolic acidosis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Salicylate intoxication causes metabolic acidosis by increasing acid levels in the blood. Vomiting causes alkalosis, hyperventilation causes respiratory alkalosis, and diarrhea (likely meant as diarrhea) can cause acidosis but is less specific here.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for atorvastatin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Atorvastatin can cause myopathy, so clients should monitor for muscle pain. Grapefruit juice increases drug levels, potassium is unrelated, and timing is flexible but often evening.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas (ABG) results of a client. The client's ABGs are: PH: 7.6, PaCO2: 40 mm Hg, HCO3,: 32 mEq/L. Which of the following acid base conditions should the nurse identify the client is experiencing?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A high pH (7.6) and high bicarbonate (32 mEq/L) indicate metabolic alkalosis, with normal PaCO2 ruling out respiratory causes.