ATI LPN
ATI PN Pharmacology 2020 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching about sublingual nitroglycerin with a client who has angina. Which of the following statements indicates an understanding of the instructions?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Feeling the effects of sublingual nitroglycerin within 5 minutes is indicative of proper understanding as it reflects the rapid onset of action. Option A is incorrect as nitroglycerin should be taken sublingually, not with food. Option B is incorrect as nitroglycerin can cause a drop in blood pressure, not slow the heart rate. Option D is incorrect as the client should seek medical attention if pain persists after taking 3 doses at 5-minute intervals.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse in a long-term care facility is collecting data from a client who has a new prescription for glyburide. The client reports feeling anxious and having profuse sweating. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Decreased blood glucose level. Glyburide is a sulfonylurea used to treat diabetes by stimulating insulin release, which can lead to hypoglycemia. Anxiety and sweating are common symptoms of hypoglycemia. Chvostek's sign (choice
A) is associated with hypocalcemia, not hypoglycemia. Pitting pedal edema (choice
B) is a sign of fluid retention and not related to glyburide use. Decreased deep-tendon reflexes (choice
C) are not typically associated with glyburide.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse in a long-term care facility is collecting data from a client who has a new prescription for glyburide. The client reports feeling anxious and having profuse sweating. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Decreased blood glucose level. Glyburide is a sulfonylurea medication that works by stimulating the pancreas to release more insulin, which can lead to hypoglycemia. Symptoms of hypoglycemia include anxiety, sweating, and other autonomic symptoms.
Therefore, the nurse should expect a decreased blood glucose level in a client experiencing these symptoms.
Explanation for other choices:
A: Positive Chvostek's sign is associated with hypocalcemia, not hypoglycemia.
B: Pitting pedal edema is a sign of fluid retention and is not directly related to glyburide use.
C: Decreased deep-tendon reflexes are not typically associated with glyburide use but can be seen in conditions like hypothyroidism or peripheral neuropathy.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with the family of a client who has a new diagnosis of Parkinson's disease and a prescription for levodopa/carbidopa. Which of the following statements made by the client's family indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "We should watch for an increase in unusual movements." This statement indicates an understanding of levodopa/carbidopa therapy for Parkinson's disease because levodopa can cause dyskinesias or abnormal involuntary movements as a side effect. Monitoring for these movements is crucial as they may require adjustments to the medication regimen.
Incorrect choices:
A: "We should be sure that he eats a lot of protein with each meal." - Although protein intake timing is important for optimizing levodopa absorption, eating a lot of protein with each meal can actually decrease the medication's effectiveness.
C: "This medication will prevent the disease from progressing." - Levodopa/carbidopa helps manage symptoms but does not halt the progression of Parkinson's disease.
D: "This medication should result in a rapid improvement in his condition." - Levodopa may take some time to show its full effect, and rapid improvement is not typical.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following arthroscopy and reports a pain level of 6 on a scale of 0 to 10 after receiving ketorolac 1 hr ago. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Administer oxycodone 5 mg orally. Oxycodone is a stronger pain medication compared to ketorolac and is appropriate for moderate to severe pain. Since the client's pain level is still at 6 after receiving ketorolac, a stronger pain medication like oxycodone is indicated. Option A is incorrect because it does not address the client's uncontrolled pain. Option C is not the best choice as rectal administration may not provide quick relief. Option D is inappropriate and judgmental as it assumes the client is seeking drugs improperly without further assessment. Administering oxycodone is the most appropriate action based on the client's pain level and the need for effective pain management postoperatively.