ATI LPN
LPN ATI Fundamental Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing dietary teaching with a client who has chronic kidney disease and requires a low-potassium diet. Which of the following food by the client demonstrates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cantaloupe is relatively high in potassium and is not a suitable choice for a low-potassium diet. Baked potatoes are high in potassium and should be avoided in a low-potassium diet. Banana chips are also high in potassium and should not be included in a low-potassium diet. Correct. Applesauce is a low-potassium food and is an appropriate choice for a client with chronic kidney disease following a low-potassium diet.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is refusing medical treatment. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: While explaining the negative consequences of refusal is important, it may not change the client’s decision, and respect for the client’s autonomy must be upheld. Discussing the treatment with the client’s partner without the client’s consent may breach patient confidentiality and privacy. Correct. The nurse should document the client’s refusal of the medical treatment in the client’s medical record. This documentation is essential for legal and ethical purposes and to ensure that the refusal is adequately communicated to the healthcare team. Trying to convince the client to undergo the treatment is not appropriate and may violate the principle of informed consent. The client has the right to refuse treatment after being adequately informed of the risks and benefits.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is calculating the intake and output for a client over the last 8 hr. The client is receiving a continuous IV infusion at 150 mL/hr and had 4 oz of juice and 0.5 L of water. How many mL of fluid should the nurse document as the client’s intake for the last 8 hr? (Round your answer to the nearest whole number.)
Correct Answer: 1820 mL
Rationale: 1. IV fluids: 150 mL/hr * 8 hr = 1200 mL. 2. Juice: 4 oz * 30 mL/oz = 120 mL. 3. Water: 0.5 L * 1000 mL/L = 500 mL.
Total intake: 1200 mL + 120 mL + 500 mL = 1820 mL.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from an older adult client. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The client has smooth, brown, irregular lesions on the back of each hand - These are likely seborrheic keratoses, which are benign, age-related lesions and do not usually require reporting unless changes suggest malignancy. The presence of glossy, white arches around the periphery of the corneas is a normal finding, known as arcus senilis, which is commonly seen in older adults and not typically a cause for concern. The client reports urinary incontinence - Urinary incontinence can be a sign of underlying issues such as a urinary tract infection or neurological disorder, necessitating further evaluation by the provider. A decreased sense of taste is a common age-related change and may not require immediate reporting unless it is associated with other symptoms or significant nutritional issues.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is speaking with a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus and a prescription for insulin. The client verbalizes anger about having to take insulin. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Asking the client why they are angry may come across as confrontational and defensive, potentially escalating the situation. It does not promote open communication or therapeutic rapport. Sharing personal information about diabetes running in the nurse’s family is not relevant to the client’s feelings or concerns and may not be helpful in addressing the client’s anger. Correct. Acknowledging the client’s feelings of anger and offering to sit down and talk provides an opportunity for therapeutic communication. This response demonstrates empathy and a willingness to listen and address the client’s concerns about insulin therapy. While it is true that insulin therapy can help reduce the risk of complications in type 2 diabetes, this response may come across as dismissive of the client’s feelings and concerns. It does not address the emotional aspect of the client’s anger.