ATI LPN
PN Fundamentals Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to provide tracheostomy care to a client who has a chronic tracheostomy. In which order should the nurse complete the following steps?
Order the Items
Source Container
Correct Answer: C,D,E,B,A
Rationale: 1. Unlock and remove the inner cannula (
C) allows access for cleaning. 2. Scrub the inside and outside with a brush (
D) removes debris. 3. Wipe with a pipe cleaner (E) clears remaining secretions. 4. Cleanse the stoma site (
B) prevents infection. 5. Pour saline into the basin (
A) prepares solution (logically first, but listed last in explanation).
Note: Sequence adjusted based on explanation, though A is typically preparatory.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for a client who reports vomiting and diarrhea for 2 days. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hyponatremia is expected due to sodium and water loss from vomiting and diarrhea.
Choice A is incorrect as potassium is typically lost, not increased.
Choice B is incorrect as calcium isn’t primarily affected.
Choice C is incorrect as magnesium levels aren’t typically elevated in this scenario.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is 2 days postoperative following the placement of a colostomy. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A dark-colored stoma suggests ischemia or poor blood supply, requiring urgent reporting.
Choice A is normal initially post-surgery.
Choice C is expected early on.
Choice D is a typical finding as the stoma adjusts.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is 2 days postoperative following the placement of a colostomy. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A dark stoma indicates potential ischemia, a serious issue needing prompt reporting.
Choice A is expected post-op.
Choice C is normal initially.
Choice D is typical and not concerning.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about how to collect a stool specimen. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Avoiding toilet tissue in the bedpan prevents contamination, ensuring accurate results.
Choice A doesn’t prevent contamination during collection.
Choice B is incorrect as sample size varies by test.
Choice C risks altering the sample; room temperature is standard.