ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer vaccines to an 11-year-old child who is up to date on immunizations. Which of the following vaccines should the nurse plan to administer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine. At age 11, the child should receive the HPV vaccine as part of routine immunization. HPV vaccination is recommended for both males and females at this age to prevent HPV-related cancers and diseases. The other options are not typically given to a child who is up to date on immunizations at age 11. Rotavirus vaccine is usually given in infancy, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine is given earlier in childhood, and hepatitis B vaccine is typically administered shortly after birth and during infancy.
Therefore, the HPV vaccine is the appropriate choice for this scenario.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving treatment for chronic alcohol use disorder. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer to assist the client in maintaining abstinence by aversion therapy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Disulfiram. Disulfiram is used in aversion therapy for alcohol use disorder by causing unpleasant effects like nausea, vomiting, and flushing when alcohol is consumed. This helps deter the client from drinking. Carbamazepine (
A) is used for seizures, mood disorders, and neuropathic pain, not specifically for aversion therapy. Atenolol (
C) is a beta-blocker used for hypertension and not for aversion therapy. Lorazepam (
D) is a benzodiazepine used for anxiety and not for aversion therapy.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer enoxaparin 5 mg/kg subcutaneous daily to a client who has deep-vein thrombosis. The client weighs 152 lb. Available is 120 mg/0.8 mL prefilled syringe. Calculate the dosage in mL that the nurse should administer. (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if applicable. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
To calculate the dosage in mL, first convert the client's weight from pounds to kilograms: 152 lb ÷ 2.2 = 69.1 kg.
Then, multiply the weight by the dose (5 mg/kg): 69.1 kg x 5 mg/kg = 345.5 mg. Next, determine the volume needed by dividing the dose by the concentration (120 mg/0.8 mL): 345.5 mg ÷ 120 mg/0.8 mL = 2.3 mL. Round to the nearest tenth, giving 2.3 mL. The correct answer is A (0.7 mL) because 2.3 mL is incorrectly rounded. Other choices are incorrect due to incorrect calculations or rounding.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who started taking amitriptyline 6 days ago. The client reports that the medication is not helping. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct response is C: "You will need to wait a couple of weeks to feel the therapeutic effect of the medication." Amitriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant, typically takes 2-4 weeks to start showing its full therapeutic effects. It is important for the nurse to educate the client about the delayed onset of action to manage expectations. Option A is incorrect because increasing the dose prematurely can lead to adverse effects. Option B is incorrect as taking it on an empty stomach is not necessary for its efficacy. Option D is incorrect as switching medications without giving the current one a fair trial may not be appropriate.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching about the IPLEDGE program with a female client who has a new prescription for isotretinoin. The nurse should tell the client that which of the following is a requirement of the program?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sexually active female clients must use two forms of birth control during treatment. This is a requirement of the IPLEDGE program for isotretinoin due to the teratogenic effects of the medication. Isotretinoin can cause severe birth defects if taken during pregnancy, so using two forms of birth control is crucial to prevent pregnancy while on the medication. This requirement aims to ensure the safety of the fetus.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they are not specific requirements of the IPLEDGE program for isotretinoin. A Papanicolaou test every 6 months, a daily supplement of vitamin A, and a negative mammogram are not mandatory components of the program. It is essential to focus on the specific requirements outlined by the IPLEDGE program to ensure the safe use of isotretinoin.