ATI LPN
PN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer regular insulin 4 units and NPH insulin 10 units subcutaneously to a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Inject 4 units of air into the regular insulin vial. This step ensures accurate withdrawal of the insulin dose without creating a vacuum in the vial. By injecting air into the vial first, the nurse prevents the formation of a vacuum, making it easier to draw up the correct dose of insulin.
Choices A and B are incorrect because injecting air or drawing up insulin from the NPH vial should come after preparing the regular insulin.
Choices D, E, F, and G are irrelevant to the initial step of preparing the regular insulin and NPH insulin for administration.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has motion sickness and a new prescription for a transdermal patch of scopolamine. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Drowsiness. Scopolamine, a common medication for motion sickness, can cause drowsiness as a side effect. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for this adverse effect because it can affect their alertness and ability to operate machinery safely. Diarrhea (
A), bruising (
B), and jaundice (
C) are not typically associated with scopolamine use for motion sickness.
Therefore, they are incorrect choices.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for benazepril. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Make sure to change positions slowly. This instruction is important because benazepril, as an ACE inhibitor, can cause orthostatic hypotension, leading to dizziness or fainting when changing positions quickly. By advising the client to change positions slowly, the nurse helps prevent potential falls or injuries.
Choice B is incorrect because grapefruit juice does not interact with benazepril.
Choice C is incorrect because developing a cough is a common side effect of ACE inhibitors, and discontinuing the medication without consulting a healthcare provider could be harmful.
Choice D is incorrect as using salt substitutes can lead to increased potassium levels when taking benazepril, which can be dangerous.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who was taking oxycodone four times a day for chronic pain and reports discontinuing the medication 10 days ago. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Insomnia. When oxycodone is discontinued after long-term use, withdrawal symptoms such as insomnia are common due to the body readjusting to not having the medication.
Choice A - Hypotension is unlikely as oxycodone withdrawal typically does not cause low blood pressure.
Choice B - Constricted pupils are associated with opioid use, not withdrawal.
Choice D - Constipation is a common side effect of opioids but not a withdrawal symptom after discontinuation.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse in a provider's office is reviewing the laboratory findings of client who has been taking gemfibrozil for 3 months. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Reduced triglycerides. Gemfibrozil is a medication commonly used to lower triglyceride levels. It works by decreasing the production of triglycerides in the liver and increasing the removal of triglycerides from the blood.
Therefore, after taking gemfibrozil for 3 months, the nurse should expect a reduction in the client's triglyceride levels as a positive outcome of the medication.
Now, let's analyze why the other choices are incorrect:
A: Increased serum creatinine - Gemfibrozil is not known to affect creatinine levels. It primarily targets lipid levels.
B: Reduced serum calcium - Gemfibrozil does not have an effect on calcium levels.
C: Increased Hgb - Gemfibrozil is not associated with an increase in hemoglobin levels. It primarily targets lipid levels.
In summary, the correct answer is D because gemfibrozil is expected to reduce triglyceride levels, while the other choices are incorrect