ATI LPN
PN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a client. Which of the following client identifiers should the nurse use to verify that the correct client is receiving the medication? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A, B, C
Rationale: The correct identifiers for verifying the client are date of birth, facility identification number, and name. Date of birth ensures the client's age and helps avoid mix-ups with clients of the same name. Facility identification number uniquely identifies the client within the facility. Name is crucial for confirming the client's identity verbally. Physical location and room number are not reliable identifiers as clients may move within the facility. Overall, using a combination of unique identifiers helps prevent medication errors and ensures the correct client receives the right medication.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of schizophrenia. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Risperidone. Risperidone is an antipsychotic medication commonly used to treat schizophrenia by helping to manage symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions. Levodopa (
A) is used for Parkinson's disease, Baclofen (
B) is a muscle relaxant, and Fenofibrate (
C) is used to lower cholesterol. Administering any of these medications to a client with schizophrenia would not address their symptoms effectively.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for benazepril. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Make sure to change positions slowly. Benazepril is an ACE inhibitor that can cause orthostatic hypotension, leading to dizziness or fainting when changing positions quickly. Instructing the client to change positions slowly can help prevent this adverse effect.
Choice B is incorrect because grapefruit juice does not interact with benazepril.
Choice C is incorrect as a cough is a common side effect of ACE inhibitors, and discontinuing the medication without consulting a healthcare provider is not recommended.
Choice D is incorrect because using salt substitutes can lead to high potassium levels when taking benazepril.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the allergies of a client who has rheumatoid arthritis prior to administering celecoxib to the client. The nurse should identify that which of the following allergies is a contraindication for receiving this medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Sulfonamides. Celecoxib is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAI
D) and belongs to the class of sulfonamides. Patients allergic to sulfonamides are at risk of cross-reactivity with celecoxib, leading to severe allergic reactions. Shellfish (
B), fluoroquinolones (
C), and peanuts (
D) are not related to the mechanism of action or composition of celecoxib, so they are not contraindications. It is important for the nurse to identify sulfonamide allergies to prevent adverse reactions in patients receiving celecoxib.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is talking with a client who takes NSAIDs routinely to treat osteoarthritis and has a new prescription for misoprostol. The client asks the nurse why he needs the second medication. Which of the following is an appropriate response?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because misoprostol is often prescribed along with NSAIDs to help prevent stomach ulcers that can develop from long-term NSAID use. NSAIDs can irritate the stomach lining and increase the risk of ulcers. Misoprostol works by reducing the production of stomach acid and protecting the stomach lining.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because misoprostol is specifically used to protect the stomach from NSAID-related ulcers, not to protect kidney function, boost NSAID effectiveness, or act as an antacid.