ATI LPN
PN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a client. Which of the following client identifiers should the nurse use to verify that the correct client is receiving the medication? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A, B, C
Rationale: The correct answers are A (Date of birth), B (Facility identification number), and C (Name). The nurse should use these identifiers to ensure the right client receives the medication. Date of birth is unique to each individual, eliminating confusion. The facility identification number helps confirm the client's identity within the facility. The client's name is a fundamental identifier.
Choices D, E, F, and G are incorrect because physical location and room number do not directly confirm the client's identity.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the allergies of a client who has rheumatoid arthritis prior to administering celecoxib to the client. The nurse should identify that which of the following allergies is a contraindication for receiving this medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Sulfonamides. Celecoxib is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAI
D) that belongs to the sulfonamide class. Patients with a known allergy to sulfonamides should not receive celecoxib due to the risk of an allergic reaction. Sulfonamide allergies can manifest as severe skin reactions, such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis, which can be life-threatening. It is crucial for the nurse to identify this allergy as a contraindication to prevent adverse reactions.
Incorrect choices:
B: Shellfish - Shellfish allergy is not directly related to sulfonamide drugs like celecoxib.
C: Fluoroquinolones - Fluoroquinolones are antibiotics and not related to celecoxib.
D: Peanuts - Peanut allergy is not associated with sulfonamide drugs like celecoxib.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and a prescription for exenatide. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Inject the medication into the subcutaneous tissue of your abdomen. Exenatide is a medication typically administered via subcutaneous injection into the abdomen. This route ensures proper absorption and effectiveness of the medication. Injecting in other areas may affect absorption. Contacting the provider for unexplained muscle pain (
A) is important but not specific to exenatide. Taking the medication at bedtime (
C) is not necessary as exenatide is usually taken before meals. Discarding excess medication after 60 days (
D) is important for medication safety but not specific to administration instructions.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the parents of a 1-year-old client following the administration of the measles, mumps, and rubella virus vaccine (MMR). Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the parents to report to the provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Shortness of breath. Shortness of breath is a serious adverse effect that could indicate an allergic reaction or anaphylaxis to the MMR vaccine. This requires immediate medical attention to prevent further complications. Glandular swelling around the jaw (choice
A) could be a common side effect of the vaccine but is not as urgent as shortness of breath. Redness around the injection site (choice
B) is a common and expected side effect. A temperature of 37.3°C (99.2°F) (choice
C) is a mild fever and is a common reaction to the vaccine. However, shortness of breath is a more critical symptom that necessitates immediate reporting to the healthcare provider.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has been taking epoetin alfa for 3 months. Which of the following laboratory tests should the nurse monitor to determine the effectiveness of the medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hgb (hemoglobin). Epoetin alfa is a medication used to treat anemia by stimulating red blood cell production. Monitoring the hemoglobin levels helps determine the effectiveness of the medication in increasing red blood cells. Hemoglobin reflects the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood, so an increase in hemoglobin levels indicates a positive response to the medication. Troponin (
B) is a marker for heart damage, unrelated to epoetin alfa. Thyroxine (
C) and AST (
D) are not relevant to monitoring the effectiveness of epoetin alfa.