ATI LPN
ATI PN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 4
A nurse is preparing to administer medication to a client who has a new prescription. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Identify the client using two means of identification. This should be the first action because patient safety is the top priority in medication administration. By verifying the client's identity with two means of identification, such as name and date of birth or medical record number, the nurse ensures that the right medication is given to the right person. This step helps prevent medication errors and ensures patient safety.
The other choices are incorrect because:
A: Validating the prescription with the available medication should come after identifying the client to ensure the medication is being given to the correct person.
B: Calculating the correct amount of medication should be done after verifying the client's identity to ensure the prescription is accurate for that specific individual.
C: Documenting the time of medication administration is important but should come after confirming the client's identity to prevent errors in medication administration.
Question 2 of 4
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a prescription for nystatin oral suspension. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Swish the medication in your mouth. Nystatin oral suspension is an antifungal medication used to treat oral thrush. By swishing the medication in the mouth, the nystatin can come into contact with the affected areas in the oral cavity, ensuring better efficacy. Option B is incorrect because nystatin should be taken on an empty stomach for better absorption. Option C is incorrect as using a straw may not ensure proper coverage of the oral mucosa. Option D is incorrect because drinking water after taking nystatin is not a specific instruction for this medication.
Question 3 of 4
A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic hypertension. The client's morning vital signs include BP 140/80 mm Hg, heart rate 54/min, and respiratory rate 18/min. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to withhold?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Atenolol. Atenolol is a beta-blocker that can further lower the heart rate, potentially causing bradycardia in a client with a heart rate of 54/min, which is already on the lower side. Withholding Atenolol in this case is important to prevent excessive bradycardia.
Choice A: Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor used to treat hypertension, and it would not be necessary to withhold it based on the vital signs provided.
Choice B: Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic that helps lower blood pressure by reducing fluid volume. This medication is not contraindicated based on the client's vital signs.
Choice C: Aspirin is not typically withheld based on the client's vital signs unless there are specific contraindications present.
In summary, the nurse should withhold Atenolol due to the potential for further lowering the heart rate in a
Question 4 of 4
A nurse is monitoring a client who received naloxone to counteract the effects of an opioid overdose. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the medication is effective?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increased respiratory rate. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that reverses the respiratory depression caused by opioids. When it is effective, the respiratory rate of the client should increase as a result of improved breathing. This indicates that the naloxone has successfully counteracted the opioid overdose.
Incorrect
Choices:
B: Increased temperature - Naloxone does not affect body temperature, so this is not a reliable indicator of its effectiveness.
C: Report of decreased pain - Naloxone does not directly impact pain perception, so a decrease in pain does not necessarily indicate its effectiveness.
D: Decreased blood pressure - Naloxone primarily targets respiratory depression, not blood pressure regulation, so a decrease in blood pressure is not a specific indicator of its effectiveness.
Extract:
Nurses Notes
2 days ago:
Client presented to the emergency department with reports of chest pain after shoveling snow. Cardiac work-up was normal. Client diagnosed with angina related to physical activity and told to follow up with their primary care provider.
Today:
Client presents to the office for a follow-up with the provider for diagnosis of angina. Client reports experiencing angina again following a large meal yesterday. Provider prescribed nitroglycerin patch. Reinforced teaching with the client about their new prescription.
Question 5 of 4
Nurses Notes 2 days ago: Client presented to the emergency department with reports of chest pain after shoveling snow. Cardiac work-up was normal. Client diagnosed with angina related to physical activity and told to follow up with their primary care provider. Today: Client presents to the office for a follow-up with the provider for diagnosis of angina. Client reports experiencing angina again following a large meal yesterday. Provider prescribed nitroglycerin patch. Reinforced teaching with the client about their new prescription. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include when reinforcing teaching to the client about their medication? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: A: Removing the patch if a headache occurs is important as it may indicate hypotension, a common side effect of nitroglycerin.
B: Lying down with feet elevated helps prevent dizziness, another common side effect of nitroglycerin.
C: Understanding that the medication takes 30-45 min to be effective ensures the client knows when to expect relief.
D: Applying the patch daily to a hairless area ensures proper absorption of the medication.
E: Removing the patch 12-14 hr after application prevents tolerance from developing.
Incorrect
Choices:
F: Placing the patch on the same area daily can lead to skin irritation or tolerance.
G: No additional instructions are required beyond A-E.