ATI LPN
PN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer gentamicin to a child who weighs 44 lb. The provider prescribes 6 mg/kg/day IV to be administered in three equal doses. Available is gentamicin 40 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer with each dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 1 mL
Rationale: The correct answer is 1 mL.
To calculate the dose for each administration, first convert the child's weight from pounds to kilograms (44 lb = 20 kg). The total daily dose is 6 mg/kg/day, so for a 20 kg child, the total daily dose is 120 mg (6 mg/kg/day x 20 kg). Since it is to be given in three equal doses, each dose would be 40 mg (120 mg total dose ÷ 3 doses). Since the available concentration is 40 mg/mL, the nurse would administer 1 mL for each dose (40 mg ÷ 40 mg/mL = 1 mL).
Therefore, the correct answer is 1 mL.
Incorrect answers:
-
Choice B: This is incorrect as it does not follow the correct calculation method.
-
Choice C: This is incorrect as it does not consider the weight of the child and the total daily dose required.
-
Choice D: This is incorrect as it does not
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has Graves' disease and is to start therapy with propylthiouracil. The nurse should expect which of the following outcomes?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Decreased heart rate. Propylthiouracil is an antithyroid medication used to treat hyperthyroidism in conditions like Graves' disease. It works by inhibiting the production of thyroid hormones. Since hyperthyroidism can cause an increased heart rate due to the excess thyroid hormones, the expected outcome of propylthiouracil therapy is a decreased heart rate as it helps normalize thyroid hormone levels. The other choices are incorrect because propylthiouracil does not directly affect WBC count (
B), Hgb levels (
C), or blood pressure (
D) in the context of treating hyperthyroidism.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is taking sumatriptan. Which of the following reports indicates a therapeutic response to the medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Absence of headache. Sumatriptan is a medication used to treat migraines by constricting blood vessels in the brain. A therapeutic response to sumatriptan would be the absence of a headache, as the medication is intended to relieve migraine symptoms. Increased bone mass (
A), relief of chest pain (
B), and improved mood (
C) are not expected therapeutic responses to sumatriptan. These symptoms are not typically associated with the mechanism of action or indications for sumatriptan use.
Therefore, the absence of a headache is the most appropriate indicator of a therapeutic response to sumatriptan in this scenario.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for naproxen. Which of the following is a potential adverse effect that the nurse should instruct the client to report to the provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Black, tarry stools. This is a potential adverse effect of naproxen, indicating gastrointestinal bleeding. It is crucial to report this to the provider immediately to prevent serious complications. Increased energy levels (
A), improved appetite (
C), and mild headache (
D) are common side effects of naproxen and do not require immediate medical attention. The priority is to address potential serious adverse effects like gastrointestinal bleeding.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who was taking oxycodone four times a day for chronic pain and reports discontinuing the medication 10 days ago. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Insomnia. When a client discontinues oxycodone, a narcotic analgesic, they may experience withdrawal symptoms such as insomnia due to the abrupt cessation of the medication affecting the central nervous system. Hypotension (
A) is not typically a withdrawal symptom of oxycodone. Constricted pupils (
B) are a sign of opioid intoxication, not withdrawal. Constipation (
D) is a common side effect of opioid use but is not a typical withdrawal symptom in this scenario.