ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer erythromycin PO to a client who has an infection. The nurse checks the client's medical record and notes that the client has a severe allergy to penicillin. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Rationale: The correct action is to administer the medication to the client (
Choice
C) because erythromycin is not related to penicillin and is safe to use in clients with a penicillin allergy. Requesting a different medication (
Choice
A) may not be necessary as erythromycin is a suitable alternative. Premedicating with diphenhydramine (
Choice
B) is not indicated for a penicillin allergy. Requesting a different route of administration (
Choice
D) is unnecessary since the oral route is appropriate for erythromycin.
Extract:
Nurses' Notes
Plan of Care
Provider Prescriptions
Vital Signs
6 months ago:
The client was diagnosed with epilepsy during childhood. The client reports not having seizures for 2 years. The client has weaned off all seizure medications. The client was informed to return to the office for a follow-up in 6 months and to call the office if seizure activity resumes.
Today:
The client reports having a seizure this morning. Provider aware and new prescription obtained.
Question 2 of 5
Click to highlight the findings that require immediate follow-up as contraindications to the prescribed prescription (phenytoin).
| Client reports having three to four alcoholic beverages a couple times per week. |
| Last bowel movement was 3 days ago |
| Last menstrual period was 3 months ago |
| Client takes diazepam as needed for anxiety. |
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: First,
Step 1: The prescribed medication is phenytoin, an antiepileptic drug.
Step 2: Alcohol consumption can interact with phenytoin, causing increased sedation and affecting liver function.
Therefore, client reporting alcohol intake requires immediate follow-up.
Step 3: (0,0,1,0) Phenytoin can also affect menstrual cycles, so the client's last menstrual period being 3 months ago is a potential contraindication that needs follow-up.
Step 4: (0,1,0,0) Last bowel movement being 3 days ago is not directly related to phenytoin use.
Step 5: (0,0,0,1) Diazepam for anxiety is not a direct contraindication to phenytoin use.
Therefore, choices A and C are correct as they indicate potential issues requiring immediate attention, while choices B and D do not
Extract:
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has a new prescription for celecoxib to treat osteoarthritis. Which of the following should the nurse recognize as a contraindication for this medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Sulfonamide allergy. Celecoxib is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAI
D) that belongs to the sulfonamide class of medications. Patients with a known allergy to sulfonamides are at an increased risk of developing an allergic reaction to celecoxib. It is important for the nurse to recognize this contraindication to prevent potential serious adverse reactions such as anaphylaxis.
A: Concurrent use of chondroitin - This is not a contraindication for celecoxib as there is no known significant interaction between chondroitin and celecoxib.
B: Concurrent use of calcium supplements - Calcium supplements do not interact with celecoxib and are not a contraindication for its use.
C: Penicillin allergy - Penicillin allergy is not related to celecoxib use as they are different classes of medications with distinct mechanisms of action.
In summary, the correct answer is D because
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer medication to a client who has a new prescription. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take first is to identify the client using two means of identification. This is crucial to ensure the right medication is given to the right patient, preventing errors and ensuring patient safety. By verifying the client's identity, the nurse can confirm they are administering the medication to the correct individual. This step helps prevent medication errors and ensures accountability.
Calculating the correct amount of medication (
A) is important but should come after verifying the patient's identity. Validating the prescription with available medication (
B) is also important but not the first step. Documenting the time of medication administration (
C) is essential but should follow patient identification.
Extract:
Nurses' Notes
0800:
Client reports frequent cough, wheezing, and tightness of chest. Bilateral breath sounds with scattered inspiratory and expiratory wheezes.
1000:
Reinforced teaching about newly prescribed medications.
Question 5 of 5
Click to highlight the instructions the nurse should reinforce to the client.
| Take your albuterol when you are having difficulty breathing. |
| Hold your breath for 20 seconds when taking your albuterol. |
| Take the salmeterol 5 minutes before the albuterol when you need both medications. |
| Take the salmeterol 2 times each day. |
| Rinse out your mouth after taking the fluticasone. |
| Take the fluticasone as needed for an asthma attack. |
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: Sure, here is a detailed explanation for each choice:
A: Taking albuterol during difficulty breathing helps relieve symptoms promptly.
D: Salmeterol should be taken twice daily for optimal effectiveness.
E: Rinsing mouth after fluticasone reduces the risk of oral thrush.
Incorrect choices:
B: Holding breath doesn't affect albuterol efficacy.
C: Timing salmeterol before albuterol isn't necessary.
F: Fluticasone is a controller, not a rescue inhaler.