ATI LPN
PN Adult Medical Surgical 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer epoetin 50 units/kg via subcutaneous injection to a client who weighs 165 lb and has chronic kidney disease. How many units should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: 165 lb = 75 kg; 50 units/kg × 75 kg = 3750 units, correct for stimulating RBC production in CKD.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse in a long-term care facility is providing care for a client who has Alzheimer's disease and is agitated. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Prescribed trazodone addresses agitation pharmacologically. Other options are less effective or inappropriate for immediate management of agitation in Alzheimer's.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following an appendectomy. Which of the following information should the nurse include when documenting in the electronic medical record?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Specific, objective data like 'dry, without redness' is required; vague terms like 'adequate' or 'unchanged' are insufficient.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing a client for a colposcopy following an abnormal Papanicolaou (Pap) test. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A colposcopy is a diagnostic procedure to examine the cervix, vagina, and vulva after an abnormal Pap test, typically involving a speculum and mild discomfort but no cervical dilation. Option A is incorrect because inserting a tampon post-procedure could introduce infection or interfere with healing, especially if biopsies were taken. Option B is wrong as colposcopy does not require cervical dilation; it's a visual inspection, unlike procedures like a D&C. Option C, Sims' position (lateral with knees bent), is not standard lithotomy position is used instead for pelvic access. Option D is correct because advising the client to avoid sexual intercourse until healing prevents irritation, infection, or disruption of any biopsy sites, aligning with post-procedure care guidelines. This instruction supports recovery and ensures accurate follow-up results, making it the most appropriate nursing action.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Heart failure management hinges on detecting decompensation, where weight gain from fluid retention is a red flag. Sudden increases (e.g., 2-3 lbs overnight) signal worsening congestion, necessitating prompt provider action like diuretic adjustment. Activity tolerance reflects functional status but is subjective and less urgent unless acutely dropping. Chest x-ray results show pulmonary edema or cardiomegaly, but weight offers earlier, actionable data. Echocardiogram results assess heart function long-term, not immediate changes. Daily weight monitoring is a cornerstone of heart failure care fluid overload precedes symptoms like dyspnea, making it the priority to report. This aligns with clinical guidelines (e.g., ACC/AH
A), enabling timely intervention to prevent hospitalization or acute failure, emphasizing its critical role in ongoing assessment.