ATI LPN
PN ADULT MEDICAL SURGICAL 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer diphenhydramine 25 mg PO every 6 hr. to an older adult client who has rhinitis. The amount available is diphenhydramine syrup 12.5 mg/5 mL How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 10
Rationale: Calculation: (25 mg / 12.5 mg) × 5 mL = 10 mL. This delivers the prescribed dose accurately.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assisting with the care of a postoperative client who is receiving a unit of packed RBCs. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse recognize as an indication of a septic reaction to the blood transfusion?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Vomiting is a sign of a septic reaction due to contaminated blood; distended veins suggest fluid overload, polyuria isn't typical, and hypertension isn't specific.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who is postoperative following a fasciotomy. Which of the following interventions should the nurse plan to include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Post-fasciotomy care focuses on pain management, wound healing, and monitoring for complications like infection or compartment syndrome recurrence, not dietary or reproductive restrictions. Offering small, frequent meals supports nutritional needs without overloading the stomach, aiding recovery by maintaining energy for tissue repair, especially if appetite is reduced from pain or medications. A pureed diet is unnecessary unless swallowing is impaired, which isn't indicated here fasciotomy addresses limb pressure, not GI issues. Assisting to the restroom post-meals relates to bowel training, irrelevant to this surgical context. Avoiding sexual intercourse applies to pelvic procedures like colposcopy, not a limb fasciotomy. Small, frequent meals align with postoperative principles, promoting healing and comfort, making it the most relevant intervention for this client's plan of care, enhancing overall recovery without complicating the surgical focus.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the partner of a client who has contact precautions in place for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Which of the following statements by the partner indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hand washing upon leaving prevents MRSA spread, a key contact precaution. Masks don't suffice, gowns are needed for bathing, and gloves must be fresh each entry.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse in a provider's office is assisting in the care of a client. Complete the following sentence: The first action the nurse should take is to reinforce education about...
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The client's generalized weakness, fatigue, shortness of breath, and pale mucous membranes (Exhibit 1) with a vegan diet suggest anemia, likely iron deficiency. Reinforcing education about nutritional supplements (e.g., iron, Bâ‚â‚‚) addresses potential deficiencies vegans risk low iron and Bâ‚â‚‚ without fortified foods while collecting intake data identifies dietary gaps, guiding tailored therapy. Increasing fluids and monitoring respiration might help hydration or respiratory distress, but anemia is the primary issue, not fluid status. Checking blood pressure (132/60 to 102/50 mm Hg) shows orthostasis, a symptom, not the cause oxygen isn't indicated with 94% saturation. Assessing fatigue is ongoing, but a chest X-ray targets lungs, not anemia. Education and data collection tackle the root nutritional cause, aligning with holistic care and prevention, making it the nurse's first action.