ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer an insulin injection for a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Insert the needle into the right thigh at a 90° angle. When administering insulin, the thigh is a recommended site for injection due to its larger muscle mass, which helps with consistent absorption. Inserting the needle at a 90° angle ensures proper depth for subcutaneous injection. This method also minimizes the risk of injecting into a blood vessel or reaching deeper tissues. Using the right thigh allows for rotation of injection sites, preventing lipodystrophy. Administering at a 90° angle promotes optimal absorption and minimizes discomfort for the client.
Choice A is incorrect because a tuberculin syringe is not typically used for insulin administration, and a 15° angle is too shallow for a subcutaneous injection.
Choice B is incorrect as a 20-gauge needle is too large for insulin injections, which are typically administered with smaller gauge needles.
Choice D is incorrect as the Z-track method is not used for insulin injections, and a slow
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching about sublingual nitroglycerin with a client who has angina. Which of the following statements indicates an understanding of the instructions?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: D
Rationale: Nitroglycerin is a fast-acting medication used to relieve angina symptoms. Choosing option D shows understanding because nitroglycerin should provide relief within 5 minutes if the medication is effective. This rapid onset is crucial in managing acute angina attacks. Taking the medication every 10 minutes (
C) could lead to overdose and severe side effects. Slow heart rate (
A) is not a common side effect of nitroglycerin. Taking with food (
B) may delay absorption and reduce effectiveness.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is evaluating the laboratory results of four clients. The nurse should report which of the following laboratory results to the provider?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. A client who has a prescription for heparin and an aPTT of 90 seconds (30-40 seconds) should be reported to the provider because the aPTT result is significantly above the therapeutic range, indicating a potential risk of bleeding due to excessive anticoagulation. Heparin therapy requires close monitoring of aPTT levels to ensure the medication's efficacy and safety. Reporting this result promptly to the provider allows for timely adjustment of the heparin dosage to prevent complications.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they fall within or close to the desired therapeutic ranges for the respective medications.
Therefore, they do not require immediate reporting to the provider as they suggest appropriate anticoagulation levels.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client receiving gentamicin. For which of the following should the nurse monitor the client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Tinnitus. The nurse should monitor the client for tinnitus because gentamicin can cause ototoxicity, leading to hearing loss and tinnitus. Tachycardia (
B), polyuria (
C), and photophobia (
D) are not commonly associated with gentamicin use. Tachycardia may be a sign of other issues, polyuria could indicate kidney problems, and photophobia is sensitivity to light, which is not a typical side effect of gentamicin.
Therefore, the nurse should focus on monitoring for tinnitus as a potential adverse effect of gentamicin therapy.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for prednisone to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following statements should indicate to the nurse that the client understands the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: "I will report a sore throat to my provider." This is the correct answer because prednisone can suppress the immune system, increasing the risk of infections like thrush or sore throat. Reporting these symptoms promptly is crucial to prevent complications.
Choice A is incorrect because prednisone can actually cause weight gain.
Choice B is incorrect because prednisone can lead to fluid retention, so increasing sodium intake is not recommended.
Choice C is incorrect because prednisone should be taken with food to reduce stomach upset.