ATI LPN
PN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer an influenza immunization IM to an infant. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Use a ½-Inch needle. Infants have limited muscle mass, so a shorter needle length is appropriate to prevent reaching deep tissues or causing discomfort.
Choice B, using a 22-gauge needle, is incorrect as a smaller gauge needle is preferred for infants to reduce pain and tissue damage.
Choice C, using the flushing technique, is irrelevant for administering an IM injection.
Choice D, using the deltoid muscle for the injection site, is incorrect as the vastus lateralis muscle is recommended for infants due to better muscle development and less risk of nerve or vascular damage.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who was taking oxycodone four times a day for chronic pain and reports discontinuing the medication 10 days ago. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Insomnia. When oxycodone is discontinued after long-term use, withdrawal symptoms such as insomnia are common due to the body readjusting to not having the medication.
Choice A - Hypotension is unlikely as oxycodone withdrawal typically does not cause low blood pressure.
Choice B - Constricted pupils are associated with opioid use, not withdrawal.
Choice D - Constipation is a common side effect of opioids but not a withdrawal symptom after discontinuation.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has Graves' disease and is to start therapy with propylthiouracil. The nurse should expect which of the following outcomes?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Decreased heart rate. Propylthiouracil is an antithyroid medication that inhibits the synthesis of thyroid hormones. In Graves' disease, there is excessive production of thyroid hormones leading to symptoms like tachycardia. By decreasing the levels of thyroid hormones, propylthiouracil can help normalize the heart rate. Decreased WBC count (
B) and increased Hgb (
C) are not expected outcomes of propylthiouracil therapy. Increased blood pressure (
D) is not a direct effect of propylthiouracil in treating Graves' disease.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who started taking amitriptyline 6 days ago. The client reports that the medication is not helping. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct response is C: "You will need to wait a couple of weeks to feel the therapeutic effect of the medication." Amitriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant, typically takes around 2-4 weeks for its full therapeutic effects to be felt. It is important for the nurse to educate the client on the delayed onset of action to manage expectations. Informing the client to wait before expecting improvement is crucial in ensuring compliance with the medication regimen.
Option A is incorrect because it is premature to switch medications without giving amitriptyline enough time to work. Option B is incorrect as there is no specific requirement to take amitriptyline on an empty stomach. Option D is incorrect as increasing the dose without allowing sufficient time for the current dose to take effect may lead to unnecessary side effects.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has been taking epoetin alfa for 3 months. Which of the following laboratory tests should the nurse monitor to determine the effectiveness of the medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hgb (hemoglobin). Epoetin alfa is a medication used to treat anemia by stimulating red blood cell production. Monitoring the hemoglobin levels helps determine the effectiveness of the medication in increasing red blood cells. Hemoglobin reflects the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood, so an increase in hemoglobin levels indicates a positive response to the medication. Troponin (
B) is a marker for heart damage, unrelated to epoetin alfa. Thyroxine (
C) and AST (
D) are not relevant to monitoring the effectiveness of epoetin alfa.