ATI LPN
ATI PN Pharmacology 2020 Exam 2 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer an antibiotic via intermittent IV bolus for a client who has a continuous IV infusion. Which of the following steps should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Check the IV site for signs of infiltration. This step should be taken first to assess the current status of the IV site and ensure that the infusion is running properly before administering the antibiotic. Signs of infiltration, such as swelling, pain, or coolness at the site, can indicate that the medication may not be effectively delivered. Checking the IV site first allows the nurse to address any issues promptly and prevent potential complications.
The other choices are incorrect because:
A: Connecting the tubing of the medication bag to the primary tubing should come after ensuring the IV site is intact.
C: Hanging the antibiotic medication bag above the level of the primary infusion is important but should be done after checking the IV site.
D: Wiping the connection port of the primary IV tubing with an antiseptic swab is a necessary step but should be done after verifying the IV site.
Overall, checking the IV site for signs of infiltration is the priority to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who received diphenhydramine for insomnia. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an idiosyncratic reaction?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Agitation. Idiosyncratic reactions are unpredictable responses to a medication that are unique to an individual. In this case, agitation is not a common side effect of diphenhydramine but can occur as an idiosyncratic reaction. Dizziness, nausea, and dry mouth are common side effects of diphenhydramine and not indicative of an idiosyncratic reaction. Agitation, being an atypical response, makes it the correct choice.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is to start therapy with insulin lispro and insulin glargine. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Take insulin lispro right before a meal. Insulin lispro is a rapid-acting insulin that should be injected 15 minutes before a meal to control postprandial glucose levels effectively. This timing matches the peak action of the insulin with the rise in blood sugar after eating. Mixing insulins in the same syringe (option
B) is not recommended as it can alter their effectiveness. Shaking insulin vials (option
C) is not necessary and may cause bubbles that affect dosing accuracy. Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin given once daily (option
D), not twice daily.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has hypertension. The nurse should recognize that which of the following over-the-counter medications is contraindicated for this client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pseudoephedrine. Pseudoephedrine is a decongestant that can increase blood pressure, which can be dangerous for a client with hypertension. It can also potentially interact with antihypertensive medications. Docusate sodium (
A) is a stool softener, guaifenesin (
B) is an expectorant, and omeprazole (
D) is a proton pump inhibitor - none of these medications directly affect blood pressure or are contraindicated in hypertension.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who received levalbuterol 30 min ago. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a therapeutic effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Wheezing decreases. Levalbuterol is a bronchodilator used to treat bronchospasm in conditions like asthma. Its therapeutic effect includes relieving wheezing by dilating the airways, making breathing easier. Respiratory rate increasing (choice
A) is not the therapeutic effect, as it could indicate distress. Heart rate increasing (choice
C) can be a side effect of levalbuterol. Nausea decreasing (choice
D) is not a typical therapeutic effect of this medication.