ATI LPN
ATI PN Pharmacology 2020 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer a levothyroxine 50 mcg tablet PO to a client who is receiving an enteral feeding through an NG tube. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dissolve the medication in 30 mL of water. Levothyroxine should be dissolved in water before administering through an NG tube to prevent tube blockage and ensure proper absorption. Dissolving the medication in water helps to prevent clogging of the tube and ensures accurate dosing. It is crucial to follow medication guidelines to prevent complications. Maintaining the client in the supine position (
B) is not necessary for this medication administration. Adding the medication to the enteral feeding formula (
C) may alter the medication's absorption and effectiveness. Flushing the tube with water after administering the medication (
D) is a good practice but is not the primary action needed in this situation.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has been taking diazepam several times per day but recently ran out of the medication. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a manifestation of withdrawal from diazepam?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Tremors. Withdrawal from diazepam, a benzodiazepine, can lead to physical symptoms such as tremors due to the sudden absence of the drug in the body. This occurs because diazepam suppresses the central nervous system, and abrupt discontinuation can result in rebound hyperactivity of the nervous system, leading to tremors. Hypotension (
A) is not a typical withdrawal symptom of diazepam, as it is more commonly associated with opioid withdrawal. Drowsiness (
B) is actually a side effect of diazepam, so experiencing drowsiness would be more likely when the client is taking the medication rather than during withdrawal. Anorexia (
C) is not a common withdrawal symptom of diazepam; instead, it may cause increased appetite.
Therefore, the presence of tremors is the most indicative of withdrawal from diazepam in this scenario.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer digoxin to a client. For which of the following findings should the nurse withhold the medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. The nurse should withhold digoxin if the apical pulse is below 60 beats/min in adults. This is because digoxin can cause bradycardia, so administering it when the pulse is already low can lead to further slowing of the heart rate and potential adverse effects like arrhythmias.
Choices B, C, and D are not reasons to withhold digoxin as they are within normal ranges for respiratory rate, blood pressure, and temperature. It's important to monitor these parameters but they do not indicate a need to withhold the medication.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is taking aspirin. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Rhinitis. Aspirin can cause rhinitis, an inflammation of the nasal lining, which may indicate an allergic reaction. Reporting this finding to the provider is crucial to assess for potential adverse reactions. Headache is a common side effect of aspirin and may not warrant immediate reporting unless severe. Hct of 43% and BP of 120/70 mm Hg are within normal ranges and not directly related to aspirin use. In summary, rhinitis is a potential sign of an adverse reaction to aspirin and should be reported promptly, while the other findings are less concerning in this context.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer an enteric-corrected oral medication to a client who is having difficulty swallowing. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Place the medication on the client's tongue. Enteric-coated medications are designed to be released in the small intestine, bypassing the stomach. Placing the medication directly on the tongue allows it to be swallowed without being chewed or broken down in the stomach. Instructing the client to chew the medication (choice
A) or dissolve it in juice (choice
C) would interfere with the enteric coating. Placing the medication between the cheek and gum (choice
D) would not ensure proper delivery to the small intestine.