ATI LPN
ATI LPN Med Surg Exam 5 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing a plan of care for a client who is postoperative following a cochlear implant insertion. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Eating soft foods is recommended after cochlear implant surgery to avoid putting strain on the surgical site and to ensure comfort while chewing. Soft foods are easier to manage and less likely to cause discomfort or disrupt the healing process.
Question 2 of 5
A 45-year-old male patient presents to the emergency department with complaints of fatigue, muscle weakness, and weight loss. Upon examination, he is noted to have hyperpigmentation of the skin and hypotension. Laboratory tests reveal hyponatremia and hyperkalemia. Based on these findings, the patient is diagnosed with Addison's disease. Which interventions should the nurse anticipate for the management of this patient? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Encouraging a high-sodium diet helps counteract hyponatremia due to aldosterone deficiency. Administering IV corticosteroids replaces deficient hormones, stabilizing the patient. Monitoring blood glucose levels detects hypoglycemia from cortisol deficiency. Potassium supplements and diuretics are inappropriate as they worsen hyperkalemia and hyponatremia, respectively.
Question 3 of 5
A 21-year-old patient with a known history of sickle cell anemia presents to the emergency department with severe pain in the lower back and joints, fatigue, and fever. What is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Vaso-occlusive crisis is a common complication of sickle cell anemia, where sickled red blood cells block blood flow, causing severe pain, fever, and fatigue, matching the patient's symptoms.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with pheochromocytoma is admitted to the hospital with severe hypertension. Which nursing intervention is the highest priority?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Administering an alpha-adrenergic blocker is critical to control severe hypertension caused by excessive catecholamines in pheochromocytoma, preventing complications like stroke.
Question 5 of 5
A 45-year-old male patient presents to the emergency department with excessive thirst, frequent urination, and signs of dehydration. His laboratory results show low urine osmolality and high serum sodium levels. Based on this case scenario, which of the following management strategies would be appropriate for this patient? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Desmopressin reduces urine output in conditions like diabetes insipidus, and hypotonic saline corrects dehydration and high serum sodium. Diuretics, fluid restriction, and hypertonic saline would worsen the condition.