ATI LPN
ATI LPN Med Surg Lv 3 Electrolytes Imbalance Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is planning to monitor a client for dehydration following several episodes of vomiting and an increase in the client's temperature. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication that the client is dehydrated?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: High urine specific gravity (1.034) indicates concentrated urine, a sign of dehydration as the kidneys conserve water.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is monitoring a client who has dehydration and is receiving IV fluid replacement. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as effectiveness of the treatment?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Urine output of 200 mL/4 hr (50 mL/hr) indicates improved kidney perfusion and hydration, suggesting effective treatment.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client whose serum potassium level is 5.3 mEq/L (3.5-5 mEq/L). The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the following medications?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) is used to treat hyperkalemia by lowering serum potassium levels through ion exchange in the intestines.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory values for a client who takes spironolactone and notes that the client's serum potassium level is 6.8 mEq/L (3.5 -5 mEq/L). The nurse notifies the provider and anticipates that the provider will provide which of the following instructions?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hyperkalemia can cause life-threatening cardiac dysrhythmias, necessitating an ECG to monitor for abnormalities.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has a sodium level of 128 mEq/L (136-145 mEq/L) Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hyponatremia causes cellular swelling in the brain, leading to headaches and other neurological symptoms.