ATI LPN
ATI PN Pharmacology 2020 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is obtaining a medication history from a client who has systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and reports taking several herbal supplements daily. The nurse should identify that SLE is a contraindication for taking which of the following herbal supplements?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Echinacea. Echinacea can stimulate the immune system, which can worsen symptoms in clients with autoimmune diseases like SLE. Flaxseed (
A) is generally safe and may even have anti-inflammatory effects. Glucosamine (
B) is commonly used for joint health and is not contraindicated in SLE. Ginger (
D) is known for its anti-inflammatory properties and is safe for most individuals, including those with SLE.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who received diphenhydramine 1 hr ago after developing an allergic reaction to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Which of the following statements by the client should indicate to the nurse that the medication is effective?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "My voice is no longer hoarse." This indicates the medication is effective as diphenhydramine is an antihistamine that helps relieve allergic symptoms like hoarseness. Option B, feeling more alert, is not specific to the medication's effectiveness. Option C, headache relief, is not a common allergic reaction symptom. Option D, increased appetite, is unrelated to allergic reactions.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for fexofenadine tablets to treat seasonal allergies. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid driving until adverse effects of fexofenadine are known because this medication may cause drowsiness or dizziness, which can impair driving ability. This is crucial for the client's safety and the safety of others. Taking the medication with magnesium hydroxide (choice
A) is not recommended as it can decrease the effectiveness of fexofenadine. Drinking excessive fluid (choice
B) is not necessary and may lead to potential side effects. Taking the medication with orange juice (choice
C) is not necessary for fexofenadine.
Therefore, the most important information for the nurse to include is to advise the client to avoid driving until they are aware of how the medication affects them.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is administering the first dose of ramipril to a client who has hypertension. The client reports feeling dizzy and lightheaded. Which of the following should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: IV fluid bolus. Dizziness and lightheadedness after administering ramipril could indicate hypotension, a known side effect. IV fluid bolus helps to increase blood volume, improving blood pressure. Naloxone is for opioid overdose, not related to ramipril. Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine, not indicated for hypotension. 15g of carbohydrates is used for hypoglycemia, not hypotension.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client following his first dose of captopril. The client's blood pressure is 88/60 mm Hg. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: C. Place the client in a supine position.
Rationale:
1. A blood pressure of 88/60 mm Hg is considered low.
2. Placing the client in a supine position helps improve blood flow to the brain and vital organs.
3. This action can prevent complications such as dizziness, fainting, or falls.
4. It is the most immediate and appropriate action to address the low blood pressure.
Incorrect
Choices:
A: Checking blood pressure with the client standing can worsen symptoms due to orthostatic hypotension.
B: Administering IV bolus can be too aggressive and may not address the underlying cause of low blood pressure.
D: Measuring blood pressure with the client sitting does not address the immediate risk of low blood pressure.