ATI LPN
PN Adult Medical Surgical 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is monitoring a client who has diabetes mellitus and a glucose level of 384 mg/dL. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of metabolic acidosis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Increased respiratory rate (Kussmaul breathing) compensates for acidosis in diabetic ketoacidosis.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing dietary teaching with an older adult client who has an increased LDL level. Which of the following foods should the nurse encourage the client to limit?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Swiss cheese is high in saturated fat, raising LDL; canola oil, avocados, and walnuts are heart-healthy.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who will be wearing a Holter monitor for the next 24 hr. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Recording activities helps correlate symptoms with heart activity; electrodes stay on, and bathing is avoided.
Extract:
Vital Signs
Today, 0700:
Blood pressure 122/68 mm Hg
Heart rate 99/min
Respiratory rate 20/min
Temperature 36.4° C (97.6° F)
Laboratory Results
Today, 0700:
Potassium 3.2 mEq/L (3.5 to 5 mEq/L)
Hct 44% (42% to 52%)
BUN 19 mg/dL (10 to 20 mg/dL)
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following client findings should the nurse identify as a contraindication to the administration of furosemide? (Client with potassium 3.2 mEq/L)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypokalemia (3.2 mEq/L) is a contraindication as furosemide can worsen it, risking arrhythmias.
Extract:
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer epoetin 50 units/kg via subcutaneous injection to a client who weighs 165 lb and has chronic kidney disease. How many units should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: 165 lb = 75 kg; 50 units/kg × 75 kg = 3750 units, correct for stimulating RBC production in CKD.