ATI LPN
ATI LPN Mental Health Exam IV Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is collecting data on a patient who has mitral valve stenosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A heart murmur, specifically a diastolic murmur, is a classic finding in mitral valve stenosis due to the obstruction of blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, creating a pressure gradient and turbulent flow audible upon auscultation. Barrel chest is associated with lung conditions like COPD, not mitral valve stenosis. Clubbing of the fingers relates to chronic hypoxia, not specific to this condition. Bradycardia is not typical, as mitral valve stenosis may cause arrhythmias like atrial fibrillation instead.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has venous insufficiency. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pitting edema is a hallmark of venous insufficiency due to fluid leakage from high venous pressure. Thickened toenails (
A) are fungal-related, shiny skin (
B) and dusky color (
C) indicate arterial insufficiency. Edema reflects venous stasis.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is collecting data on a client who has bradycardia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bradycardia (<60 BPM) reduces cardiac output, impairing cerebral perfusion and causing lightheadedness. Volume deficit may cause tachycardia, not bradycardia. Anxiety typically increases heart rate. Fever raises heart rate to meet metabolic demand, not lowers it. Lightheadedness reflects inadequate brain oxygenation.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following is an impulse control disorder?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Deceitfulness: Deceitfulness is more associated with antisocial personality disorder rather than impulse control disorders. Aggressive conduct: Aggressive conduct is associated with conduct disorder, not specifically with impulse control disorders. Serious rule violations: Serious rule violations are characteristic of conduct disorder. Pyromania: Pyromania is an impulse control disorder characterized by the recurrent urge to set fires.
Question 5 of 5
A 46-year-old African American man is in an outpatient clinic for a physical examination. His blood pressure (BP) is 126 mm Hg, his body mass index (BMI) is 24, and he reports no previous medical problems. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: African American men have a higher prostate cancer risk, with screening (PSA test) recommended from age 45. BP of 126 mm Hg is normal (<120/80 mm Hg), and BMI 24 is healthy (18.5–24.9), so annual visits, weight loss, or hypertension advice aren’t urgent. PSA screening aligns with age and risk profile.