ATI LPN
ATI NS122 Pediatrics Monroe College NY PN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from an infant who has otitis media. The nurse should expect which of the following findings?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Increase in appetite: Otitis media, an infection or inflammation of the middle ear, typically causes discomfort and pain in infants. As a result, they may experience a decrease in appetite rather than an increase. Tugging on the affected ear lobe: Tugging or pulling on the affected ear lobe is a common sign of ear pain in infants with otitis media. It occurs because the pain from the middle ear extends to the outer ear canal. Erythema and edema of the affected auricle: Otitis media primarily affects the middle ear, so erythema (redness) and edema (swelling) are not typically observed on the outer ear (auricle). Instead, these symptoms are more commonly seen in external ear infections, such as otitis externa. Bluish-green discharge from the ear canal: Bluish-green discharge from the ear canal is not a typical finding in otitis media. It may suggest a secondary bacterial infection or another underlying condition, but it is not a characteristic feature of otitis media.
Question 2 of 5
A school-age child in an emergency department has a 2-day history of nausea and vomiting and reports severe right lower quadrant pain. A nurse is preparing the child for an appendectomy. Which of the following statements by the child should the nurse find most concerning?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: My belly doesn't hurt anymore.' - This statement is concerning because sudden relief from severe right lower quadrant pain in a child with a history of nausea, vomiting, and suspected appendicitis may indicate a rupture or perforation of the appendix. When the appendix ruptures, there may be a temporary alleviation of pain due to the release of pressure. However, this situation is critical and requires immediate medical attention to prevent further complications such as peritonitis or sepsis.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for an infant who has diaper dermatitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: While some parents may prefer cloth diapers, they can retain moisture and irritants. Disposable diapers with good absorbency are often preferred in managing diaper dermatitis. Using a gentle moisturizer to clean the skin can help protect the infant's skin and maintain its barrier function, especially in cases of diaper dermatitis. Moisturizers help soothe and heal the affected area by providing hydration and protection. Talcum powder is not recommended due to the risk of inhalation, which can cause respiratory issues. Additionally, powders can clump and worsen skin irritation. Exposing the skin to hot air can dry out the skin and worsen irritation. It's better to allow the area to air-dry naturally or use a cool blow dryer on a low setting.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is providing discharge instructions to the parents of a 2-year-old child who had an orchiopexy to correct cryptorchidism. Which statement by the parents indicate that further teaching is necessary?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: I give him medication so he'll be comfortable.' - This statement indicates that the parents are providing medication to ensure the child's comfort after the procedure, which is an appropriate action. It suggests that the parents are attentive to the child's needs postoperatively. 'I check his voiding to be sure there's no problem.' - Checking the child's voiding is important postoperatively to ensure there are no urinary retention issues or other complications related to urination. This statement reflects appropriate postoperative care and monitoring. 'I check his temperature.' - Monitoring the child's temperature is also a good practice postoperatively to watch for signs of infection or other complications. This statement indicates that the parents are attentive to signs of potential postoperative issues. 'I'll let him decide when to return to his play activities.' - This statement suggests that the parents plan to let the child decide when to resume play activities after the surgery. However, after a surgical procedure like orchiopexy, it's important for parents to follow specific guidelines provided by healthcare providers regarding activity restrictions and return to normal activities. Allowing the child to decide may not align with the recommended postoperative care plan.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing a seizure. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Monitor the client's hemoglobin level: Monitoring the client's hemoglobin level is not relevant during a seizure. Seizures typically do not directly affect hemoglobin levels, so this action is not appropriate. Restrain the client's extremities: Restraint is generally not recommended during a seizure unless absolutely necessary for the safety of the client or others. Restraint can potentially cause injury to the client and increase agitation during the seizure. Place the client in a prone position: Placing the client in a prone (face-down) position during a seizure is not recommended. This position may increase the risk of airway obstruction and compromise the client's ability to breathe effectively. Record the time and length of the seizure: This is the correct answer. During a seizure, the nurse should prioritize ensuring the safety of the client and others. After ensuring safety, the nurse should document important details about the seizure, including the time it began and ended, as well as any observed symptoms or behaviors. This documentation can provide valuable information for the client's healthcare team and help guide future treatment decisions.