ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology 2023 retake 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who reports nausea and has vomited clear emesis. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Promethazine. Promethazine is an antiemetic medication commonly used to treat nausea and vomiting. It works by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain, reducing the feeling of nausea. Meperidine (
A) is a pain medication and not indicated for nausea. Diazepam (
B) is a benzodiazepine used for anxiety and seizures, not for nausea. Naloxone (
C) is an opioid antagonist used for opioid overdose, not for nausea.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has ulcerative colitis and is receiving sulfasalazine. Which of the following findings requires immediate intervention?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Wheezing. Wheezing is a sign of a severe allergic reaction to sulfasalazine, known as Stevens-Johnson syndrome, which is a medical emergency requiring immediate intervention to prevent respiratory distress and potential anaphylaxis. Anorexia, arthralgia, and nausea are common side effects of sulfasalazine but do not indicate an immediate threat to the client's well-being. Wheezing is the most critical finding that needs urgent attention.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse in a clinic receives a telephone call from a client who has tuberculosis and was prescribed rifampin 3 days ago. The client reports, 'My saliva and tears are red. What should I do?' Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct response is A: "This is an expected adverse effect of the medication." Red discoloration of bodily fluids is a known side effect of rifampin. The medication can cause harmless discoloration of saliva, tears, sweat, and urine. It does not indicate an allergic reaction or a serious issue that requires stopping the medication.
Choice B is incorrect as stopping the medication abruptly is not necessary.
Choice C is incorrect as the duration of this side effect varies.
Choice D is incorrect as the discoloration is not related to the consumption of red meat.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client before administering a hepatitis B immunization. The nurse should withhold the immunization if the client is allergic to which of the following substances?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Baker's yeast. Hepatitis B vaccines are produced using baker's yeast, specifically Saccharomyces cerevisiae. If a client is allergic to baker's yeast, there is a risk of an allergic reaction to the vaccine. Nuts (
B), wheat (
C), and egg yolk (
D) are not ingredients used in the hepatitis B vaccine production, so allergies to these substances would not necessitate withholding the immunization.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who received diphenhydramine 1 hr ago after developing an allergic reaction to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Which of the following statements by the client should indicate to the nurse that the medication is effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "My voice is no longer hoarse." This statement indicates the effectiveness of diphenhydramine, an antihistamine used to treat allergic reactions. Hoarseness is a common symptom of allergic reactions, so if the client's voice is no longer hoarse, it suggests that the medication has alleviated the allergic response.
A: Increased appetite is not a direct indicator of the effectiveness of diphenhydramine in treating an allergic reaction.
B: Relief from headaches is not a specific symptom related to allergic reactions or a typical indicator of diphenhydramine effectiveness.
D: Feeling more alert is not a direct indicator of the effectiveness of diphenhydramine in treating allergic reactions.
Therefore, option C is the most appropriate choice as it directly relates to the specific symptom of the allergic reaction that diphenhydramine is intended to treat.