ATI LPN
ATI PN Pharmacology 2020 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who received levalbuterol 30 min ago. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a therapeutic effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Wheezing decreases. Levalbuterol is a bronchodilator used to treat respiratory conditions like asthma by relaxing the muscles in the airways, leading to decreased wheezing and improved breathing. This is the therapeutic effect of the medication.
Choice B (Respiratory rate increases) is incorrect as levalbuterol would actually lead to a decrease in respiratory rate due to improved air flow.
Choice C (Nausea decreases) is incorrect as levalbuterol does not directly impact nausea.
Choice D (Heart rate increases) is also incorrect as levalbuterol is a selective beta2-adrenergic agonist, which would primarily affect the lungs and not necessarily the heart rate.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to identify a client prior to medication administration. Which of the following questions should the nurse ask to determine the client's identity?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "Is your name Sarah Jones?" This question directly confirms the client's identity by asking for their name. It is a standard and reliable method to ensure the right medication is given to the right person.
Choices A, B, and D do not directly confirm the client's identity and are not specific to the individual. Asking for a phone number (
A) or room number (
B) can lead to errors if multiple clients share the same information. Inquiring about age (
D) is not unique enough to guarantee accurate identification.
Question 3 of 5
A charge nurse is evaluating a newly licensed nurse caring for a client who is using a PCA device. Which of the following actions by the nurse requires intervention by the charge nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because only the client should administer the PCA dose using the device. This is a safety measure to prevent medication errors and ensure the client is in control of their pain management. Asking the client to demonstrate dose delivery (
A) is appropriate for education. Reassuring the client about overdose risk (
C) is important for patient understanding. Monitoring for oversedation (
D) is a crucial nursing responsibility.
Choices E, F, and G are not provided, so they are not applicable to this scenario.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a newly licensed nurse about age-related changes that affect medication administration for older adult clients. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Renal excretion time slows for medication. As individuals age, there is a natural decline in renal function, leading to a decrease in glomerular filtration rate and reduced renal blood flow. This results in medications being cleared from the body at a slower rate, leading to potential drug accumulation and increased risk of adverse effects.
Choice B is incorrect because hepatic enzyme activity actually decreases with age, leading to a slower metabolism of medications rather than processing them more rapidly.
Choice C is incorrect as aging can lead to increased sensitivity to medications rather than decreased sensitivity due to changes in receptor function.
Choice D is incorrect as gastric emptying rate typically decreases with age, leading to delayed absorption of medications rather than an increase in rate.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and a prescription for exenatide. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Inject the medication into the subcutaneous tissue of your abdomen." Exenatide is a medication used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus and is administered via subcutaneous injection. This route allows for the medication to be absorbed steadily into the bloodstream. Injecting into the abdomen ensures optimal absorption and avoids muscle or nerve injury.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. B, discarding excess medication after 60 days, is important but not specific to exenatide. C, taking the medication at bedtime, is not a general instruction for exenatide. D, contacting the provider for unexplained muscle pain, is not directly related to exenatide administration.