ATI LPN
ATI PN Pharmacology 2020 Exam 2 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who received diphenhydramine 1 hr ago after developing an allergic reaction to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Which of the following statements by the client should indicate to the nurse that the medication is effective?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Headache relief may not be a direct indication of the effectiveness of diphenhydramine for an allergic reaction. Improvement in symptoms related to the allergic reaction, such as hoarseness, suggests the effectiveness of diphenhydramine. Changes in appetite are not typically related to the antihistamine effects of diphenhydramine. Alertness is not a specific indicator of the antihistamine effects of diphenhydramine.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching about sublingual nitroglycerin with a client who has angina. Which of the following statements indicates an understanding of the instructions?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The client should take up to three doses 5 minutes apart and seek emergency medical attention if pain persists. Nitroglycerin works quickly, and the client should feel relief within a few minutes. Nitroglycerin is taken sublingually and should not be taken with food. Nitroglycerin primarily dilates blood vessels and may cause a transient drop in blood pressure but is not known for slowing the heart rate.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client following his first dose of captopril. The client's blood pressure is 88/60 mm Hg. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The first action is to place the client in a supine position. The client might experience a first-dose phenomenon, which is a sudden and severe drop in blood pressure within 1 to 3 hours of taking the medication. The nurse should place the client in a supine position to prevent orthostatic hypotension and syncope. This should be done after placing the client in a supine position to assess for postural changes. This should be done after placing the client in a supine position to assess for postural changes. The nurse should not administer a saline bolus unless prescribed by the provider, as this could cause fluid overload and worsen heart failure.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and a prescription for exenatide. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Exenatide is typically administered before meals, not necessarily at bedtime. Discarding medication after a specified time is a general guideline, but it is not specific to exenatide. Exenatide is typically injected into the subcutaneous tissue of the abdomen to enhance absorption. While monitoring for adverse effects is important, muscle pain is not a commonly reported side effect of exenatide.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a client through an enteral feeding tube. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Medications should be administered separately to ensure proper absorption and effectiveness. This action helps prevent aspiration during medication administration but is not specific to enteral feeding tube administration. Flushing the tube with normal saline helps ensure that the entire medication dose reaches the client and prevents tube blockage. This action is not necessary and may disrupt the flow of the medication.