ATI LPN
ATI PN Pharmacology 2020 Exam 2 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who received diphenhydramine for insomnia. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an idiosyncratic reaction?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Agitation. Idiosyncratic reactions are unpredictable responses to a medication that are unique to an individual. In this case, agitation is not a common side effect of diphenhydramine but can occur as an idiosyncratic reaction. Dizziness, nausea, and dry mouth are common side effects of diphenhydramine and not indicative of an idiosyncratic reaction. Agitation, being an atypical response, makes it the correct choice.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is to start therapy with insulin lispro and insulin glargine. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Take insulin lispro right before a meal. Insulin lispro is a rapid-acting insulin that should be injected 15 minutes before a meal to control postprandial glucose levels effectively. This timing matches the peak action of the insulin with the rise in blood sugar after eating. Mixing insulins in the same syringe (option
B) is not recommended as it can alter their effectiveness. Shaking insulin vials (option
C) is not necessary and may cause bubbles that affect dosing accuracy. Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin given once daily (option
D), not twice daily.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has hypertension. The nurse should recognize that which of the following over-the-counter medications is contraindicated for this client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pseudoephedrine. Pseudoephedrine is a decongestant that can increase blood pressure, which can be dangerous for a client with hypertension. It can also potentially interact with antihypertensive medications. Docusate sodium (
A) is a stool softener, guaifenesin (
B) is an expectorant, and omeprazole (
D) is a proton pump inhibitor - none of these medications directly affect blood pressure or are contraindicated in hypertension.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who received levalbuterol 30 min ago. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a therapeutic effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Wheezing decreases. Levalbuterol is a bronchodilator used to treat bronchospasm in conditions like asthma. Its therapeutic effect includes relieving wheezing by dilating the airways, making breathing easier. Respiratory rate increasing (choice
A) is not the therapeutic effect, as it could indicate distress. Heart rate increasing (choice
C) can be a side effect of levalbuterol. Nausea decreasing (choice
D) is not a typical therapeutic effect of this medication.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is taking oral prednisone for long-term management of chronic asthma. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: You should take a calcium supplement while taking this medication. Prednisone can lead to bone loss, so taking a calcium supplement helps prevent osteoporosis.
Choice A is incorrect as rinsing the mouth is recommended for inhaled corticosteroids, not oral prednisone.
Choice B is incorrect as prednisone can be taken with food to reduce stomach upset.
Choice D is incorrect because weight gain is a common side effect of prednisone.