ATI LPN
ATI PN Pharmacology 2020 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is taking aspirin. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Rhinitis. Aspirin can cause rhinitis, an inflammation of the nasal lining, which may indicate an allergic reaction. Reporting this finding to the provider is crucial to assess for potential adverse reactions. Headache is a common side effect of aspirin and may not warrant immediate reporting unless severe. Hct of 43% and BP of 120/70 mm Hg are within normal ranges and not directly related to aspirin use. In summary, rhinitis is a potential sign of an adverse reaction to aspirin and should be reported promptly, while the other findings are less concerning in this context.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer an enteric-corrected oral medication to a client who is having difficulty swallowing. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Place the medication on the client's tongue. Enteric-coated medications are designed to be released in the small intestine, bypassing the stomach. Placing the medication directly on the tongue allows it to be swallowed without being chewed or broken down in the stomach. Instructing the client to chew the medication (choice
A) or dissolve it in juice (choice
C) would interfere with the enteric coating. Placing the medication between the cheek and gum (choice
D) would not ensure proper delivery to the small intestine.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has taken an overdose of oxycodone. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Sedation. Oxycodone is an opioid that can cause central nervous system depression, leading to sedation or drowsiness. This is a common side effect of opioid overdose. Dilated pupils (
A) are more commonly associated with stimulant overdose. Tachypnea (
B) and tachycardia (
C) are signs of stimulant overdose, not opioid overdose. In opioid overdose, the respiratory rate and heart rate typically decrease due to CNS depression.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is planning to administer medications to a client who has trigeminal neuralgia. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer to manage the client's pain?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Carbamazepine. This medication is the first-line treatment for trigeminal neuralgia due to its effectiveness in reducing nerve-related pain. Carbamazepine works by stabilizing nerve cell membranes, decreasing nerve firing and reducing pain signals. Option A, Fluoxetine, is an antidepressant and not typically used for trigeminal neuralgia. Option B, Methylphenidate, is a stimulant used for ADHD and not indicated for nerve pain. Option C, Lorazepam, is a benzodiazepine used for anxiety and not for treating trigeminal neuralgia. In summary, Carbamazepine is the correct choice for managing trigeminal neuralgia pain due to its specific mechanism of action on nerve pain pathways.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is obtaining a medication history from a client who has systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and reports taking several herbal supplements daily. The nurse should identify that SLE is a contraindication for taking which of the following herbal supplements?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Echinacea. Echinacea can stimulate the immune system, which can worsen symptoms in clients with autoimmune diseases like SLE. Flaxseed (
A) is generally safe and may even have anti-inflammatory effects. Glucosamine (
B) is commonly used for joint health and is not contraindicated in SLE. Ginger (
D) is known for its anti-inflammatory properties and is safe for most individuals, including those with SLE.