ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology 2023 retake 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is taking dimenhydrinate to treat motion sickness. Which of the following findings is an adverse effect of this medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Drowsiness. Dimenhydrinate is an antihistamine commonly used for motion sickness, which can cause drowsiness as a common adverse effect due to its sedative properties. This is because it can cross the blood-brain barrier and affect the central nervous system, leading to drowsiness. The other options are incorrect because hypertension (
B) is not a known adverse effect of dimenhydrinate, polyuria (
C) is excessive urination, which is not typically associated with this medication, and dependent edema (
D) is swelling due to fluid buildup, which is also not commonly caused by dimenhydrinate.
Therefore, the correct adverse effect to expect with dimenhydrinate use is drowsiness.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is administering heparin subcutaneously to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Use a 25-gauge, 1/2-inch needle to administer the medication. This gauge and length are appropriate for subcutaneous injections to avoid reaching muscle tissue. Using a smaller needle minimizes tissue trauma, discomfort, and the risk of bleeding. Aspiration before injecting is unnecessary for subcutaneous injections as there are no large blood vessels in the subcutaneous tissue, making it safer to skip this step. Administering the medication within 2 cm of the umbilicus is not recommended as it could lead to irritation or infection at the site. Massaging the site after injecting the medication is contraindicated as it can cause bruising or discomfort.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse in a clinic is preparing to administer the measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) vaccine to a client. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client has a contraindication for the MMR vaccine?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: The client is at 9 weeks of gestation. Administering the MMR vaccine during pregnancy is contraindicated due to the theoretical risk of causing harm to the fetus. The live attenuated MMR vaccine should not be given to pregnant women as it may potentially harm the developing fetus. It is crucial to avoid administration during pregnancy to prevent any adverse effects on the unborn child.
Other options are incorrect because:
A: The client had a local reaction from a previous immunization - Local reactions to previous vaccines are not contraindications to receiving the MMR vaccine.
B: The client reports having diarrhea this morning - Diarrhea is not a contraindication for the MMR vaccine.
D: The client reports an allergy to penicillin - Allergy to penicillin is not a contraindication for the MMR vaccine.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medication record of a client who has hypertension. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer to lower the client's blood pressure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Amlodipine. Amlodipine is a calcium channel blocker commonly used to treat hypertension by relaxing blood vessels, reducing blood pressure. It is a first-line medication for hypertension management. Promethazine (
A) is an antihistamine, Fluconazole (
C) is an antifungal, and Phenazopyridine (
D) is a urinary analgesic, none of which are indicated for hypertension. Selecting Amlodipine aligns with evidence-based practice guidelines for hypertension management.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer enoxaparin 5,000 units subcutaneous to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Insert the needle at a 45° or 90° angle. When administering enoxaparin subcutaneously, the nurse should insert the needle at a 45° or 90° angle to ensure proper delivery into the subcutaneous tissue. Angling the needle helps prevent injecting the medication too deeply or too superficially, ensuring optimal absorption and effectiveness. Holding the skin taut (choice
B) is not required for subcutaneous injections. Massaging the injection site (choice
C) after administering enoxaparin is not recommended as it can cause irritation or bruising. Using a 4 cm needle (choice
D) is not specified for enoxaparin administration and may not be appropriate for all clients.