ATI LPN
PN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is experiencing oxycodone toxicity. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sedation. Oxycodone is an opioid that can cause central nervous system depression, leading to sedation or drowsiness. Tachypnea (
A) and tachycardia (
D) are more commonly associated with opioid withdrawal or overdose. Dilated pupils (
C) are more indicative of stimulant use or sympathetic nervous system activation. In oxycodone toxicity, the client is more likely to have pinpoint pupils due to the opioid's effects on the parasympathetic nervous system.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who will be self-administering enoxaparin subcutaneously using prefilled syringes. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: "I will pinch up the skin before injecting the medication." This is the correct statement because pinching up the skin before injecting enoxaparin helps ensure proper subcutaneous administration and prevents injecting the medication into muscle. Pinching the skin creates a subcutaneous tissue fold, making it easier to deliver the medication into the fatty layer beneath the skin, where it is intended to be absorbed. This technique helps reduce the risk of bruising or injury at the injection site and ensures the medication is absorbed properly.
A: Using upper arms for injections is incorrect as enoxaparin should be injected in the abdomen or thigh.
B: Massaging the site after injecting the medication can increase the risk of bleeding or bruising.
C: Expelling air bubbles is important for some injections but not typically necessary for prefilled enoxaparin syringes.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for valproic acid. The nurse should review which of the following baseline laboratory values prior to administering the medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Liver function tests. Valproic acid is known to cause hepatotoxicity, so it is crucial to assess the client's baseline liver function before administering the medication to monitor for any potential liver damage. Arterial blood gases (
A) are not directly related to valproic acid therapy. Troponin levels (
C) are used to assess for cardiac muscle damage, which is not a common side effect of valproic acid. Blood glucose levels (
D) are not directly impacted by valproic acid.
Therefore, baseline liver function tests are the most important laboratory value to review before administering valproic acid.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who had abdominal surgery. The client is grimacing and has a respiratory rate of 24/min. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Check the client's current level of pain. The nurse should prioritize assessing the client's pain as grimacing and increased respiratory rate can indicate pain. By assessing the pain level first, the nurse can address the client's immediate needs and provide appropriate pain relief interventions. Option B is incorrect as distraction may not address the underlying cause of the client's discomfort. Option C is also incorrect as repositioning may not alleviate pain. Option D is incorrect as a cold compress may not be the appropriate intervention without assessing the cause of the pain first.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse in a provider's office is reviewing the laboratory findings of client who has been taking gemfibrozil for 3 months. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Reduced triglycerides. Gemfibrozil is a medication commonly used to lower triglyceride levels. It works by decreasing the production of triglycerides in the liver and increasing the removal of triglycerides from the blood.
Therefore, after taking gemfibrozil for 3 months, the nurse should expect a reduction in the client's triglyceride levels as a positive outcome of the medication.
Now, let's analyze why the other choices are incorrect:
A: Increased serum creatinine - Gemfibrozil is not known to affect creatinine levels. It primarily targets lipid levels.
B: Reduced serum calcium - Gemfibrozil does not have an effect on calcium levels.
C: Increased Hgb - Gemfibrozil is not associated with an increase in hemoglobin levels. It primarily targets lipid levels.
In summary, the correct answer is D because gemfibrozil is expected to reduce triglyceride levels, while the other choices are incorrect