ATI LPN
ATI PN Pharmacology 2020 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has taken an overdose of oxycodone. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Sedation. Oxycodone is an opioid that can cause central nervous system depression, leading to sedation or drowsiness. This is a common side effect of opioid overdose. Dilated pupils (
A) are more commonly associated with stimulant overdose. Tachypnea (
B) and tachycardia (
C) are signs of stimulant overdose, not opioid overdose. In opioid overdose, the respiratory rate and heart rate typically decrease due to CNS depression.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is planning to administer medications to a client who has trigeminal neuralgia. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer to manage the client's pain?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Carbamazepine. This medication is the first-line treatment for trigeminal neuralgia due to its effectiveness in reducing nerve-related pain. Carbamazepine works by stabilizing nerve cell membranes, decreasing nerve firing and reducing pain signals. Option A, Fluoxetine, is an antidepressant and not typically used for trigeminal neuralgia. Option B, Methylphenidate, is a stimulant used for ADHD and not indicated for nerve pain. Option C, Lorazepam, is a benzodiazepine used for anxiety and not for treating trigeminal neuralgia. In summary, Carbamazepine is the correct choice for managing trigeminal neuralgia pain due to its specific mechanism of action on nerve pain pathways.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is obtaining a medication history from a client who has systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and reports taking several herbal supplements daily. The nurse should identify that SLE is a contraindication for taking which of the following herbal supplements?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Echinacea. Echinacea can stimulate the immune system, which can worsen symptoms in clients with autoimmune diseases like SLE. Flaxseed (
A) is generally safe and may even have anti-inflammatory effects. Glucosamine (
B) is commonly used for joint health and is not contraindicated in SLE. Ginger (
D) is known for its anti-inflammatory properties and is safe for most individuals, including those with SLE.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who received diphenhydramine 1 hr ago after developing an allergic reaction to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Which of the following statements by the client should indicate to the nurse that the medication is effective?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "My voice is no longer hoarse." This indicates the medication is effective as diphenhydramine is an antihistamine that helps relieve allergic symptoms like hoarseness. Option B, feeling more alert, is not specific to the medication's effectiveness. Option C, headache relief, is not a common allergic reaction symptom. Option D, increased appetite, is unrelated to allergic reactions.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for fexofenadine tablets to treat seasonal allergies. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid driving until adverse effects of fexofenadine are known because this medication may cause drowsiness or dizziness, which can impair driving ability. This is crucial for the client's safety and the safety of others. Taking the medication with magnesium hydroxide (choice
A) is not recommended as it can decrease the effectiveness of fexofenadine. Drinking excessive fluid (choice
B) is not necessary and may lead to potential side effects. Taking the medication with orange juice (choice
C) is not necessary for fexofenadine.
Therefore, the most important information for the nurse to include is to advise the client to avoid driving until they are aware of how the medication affects them.