ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology N113 Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has schizophrenia and recently stopped taking chlorpromazine after 8 years. The nurse notes choreiform movements, lip smacking, and spastic facial distortions. The nurse should document these findings as indicating which of the following conditions?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Tardive dyskinesia. Tardive dyskinesia is a side effect of long-term antipsychotic use, such as chlorpromazine, characterized by involuntary movements like choreiform movements, lip smacking, and spastic facial distortions. These symptoms typically appear after years of treatment and can be irreversible. Akathisia (
A) is restlessness, Dystonia (
B) is muscle contractions, and Pseudoparkinsonism (
C) is tremors and rigidity, none of which match the symptoms described.
Therefore, the correct choice is D.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer vitamin K 1mg IM to a newborn. Available is vitamin K injection 1 mg/0.5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 0.5 mL.
To determine the mL to administer, we use the formula: Dose required (1 mg) divided by Dose available (1 mg/0.5 mL), which equals 0.5 mL. This calculation ensures the correct dosage is administered. The other choices are incorrect because B (0.1 mL) is too low, C (1.0 mL) is double the correct dose, and D (0.25 mL) is half the required dosage.
Therefore, A (0.5 mL) is the appropriate amount for administering vitamin K 1mg IM to a newborn.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has Parkinson's disease. The client tells the nurse that he gets nausea when he takes his prescribed levodopa/carbidopa. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend the client take with the medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 1 cup (8oz) of applesauce. Applesauce is recommended to be taken with levodopa/carbidopa because it helps to decrease nausea that can be caused by the medication. The pectin in applesauce can help alleviate gastrointestinal side effects. Plain low-fat yogurt (choice
B), cheddar cheese (choice
C), and cooked spinach (choice
D) do not have the same anti-nausea properties as applesauce and may not be as effective in reducing nausea associated with levodopa/carbidopa.
Therefore, choices B, C, and D are incorrect in this context.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching a client who has a new prescription for gentamycin ointment to treat a skin infection. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: D. "I'll wash the area with soap and water before I apply the cream."
Rationale: Washing the area with soap and water before applying the gentamycin ointment helps to clean the skin and remove any dirt or bacteria present. This step ensures that the medication can penetrate the skin effectively and increases its efficacy in treating the infection.
Summary of Incorrect
Choices:
A: Leaving the area open to the air after applying the cream is not necessary for the medication to work and may lead to contamination.
B: Blurry vision is not a common side effect of gentamycin ointment, so expecting it is incorrect.
C: Applying the cream to large areas around the infection is unnecessary and may lead to unnecessary exposure to the medication.
E, F, G: No additional choices provided.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for an estrogen-progestin combination contraceptive. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: B. If a pill is missed, take the missed dose along with the next dose.
Rationale: The correct answer is to instruct the client to take the missed pill immediately when remembered, even if it means taking two pills in one day. This is crucial to maintain contraceptive effectiveness and prevent breakthrough ovulation. Missing a pill can decrease the contraceptive efficacy, hence taking the missed dose promptly is important.
Incorrect choices:
A: Protection does not begin with the first dose. It takes at least 7 days of continuous use for the contraceptive to become effective.
C: Increasing the dosage for breakthrough bleeding is not recommended. It is important to follow the prescribed dosage.
D: Taking the medication on an empty stomach is not necessary for this type of contraceptive. It can be taken with or without food.