ATI LPN
PN ADULT MEDICAL SURGICAL 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has Cushing's syndrome. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Easy bruising is expected in Cushing's syndrome due to excess cortisol thinning the skin and weakening blood vessels. Jaundice, rigidity, and weight loss are not typical.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is scheduled to undergo a bronchoscopy. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Blood-tinged sputum is normal post-bronchoscopy due to airway irritation, showing understanding. Clear liquids stop earlier, eating waits until gag reflex returns, and no radiation is involved.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has a subdural hematoma following a motor-vehicle crash. For which of the following findings should the nurse identify that the client is experiencing an increase in intracranial pressure?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Delayed verbal response indicates rising intracranial pressure (ICP) affecting brain function. Ecchymosis and amnesia are hematoma signs, and ringing ears isn't specific to ICP.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a peripheral IV infusion and notes that the client's arm is edematous, cool, and tender at the catheter insertion site. Which of the following complications of IV therapy should the nurse suspect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Edema, coolness, and tenderness suggest infiltration, where IV fluid leaks into surrounding tissue. Infection involves warmth/redness, phlebitis includes inflammation, and nerve damage affects sensation/movement.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who wants to lose 0.9 kg (2 lb.) of body fat per week. The nurse knows that 0.45 kg (1 lb.) of body fat is equal to 3,500 calories. The nurse should instruct the client to reduce his daily caloric intake by how many calories? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 1000
Rationale: Calculation: 2 lb × 3,500 cal/lb = 7,000 cal/week. 7,000 ÷ 7 days = 1,000 cal/day reduction to lose 2 lb weekly.