ATI LPN
PN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has been taking diazepam several times per day but recently ran out of the medication. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a manifestation of withdrawal from diazepam?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Tremors. Diazepam is a benzodiazepine used for anxiety and withdrawal symptoms include tremors due to the sudden decrease in GABA activity. Hypotension (
A) is not a typical withdrawal symptom of diazepam. Anorexia (
B) is more commonly associated with stimulant withdrawal. Drowsiness (
D) is a side effect of diazepam, not a withdrawal symptom.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has prescriptions for spironolactone and lisinopril. The nurse should monitor for which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hyperkalemia. Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, which can lead to elevated potassium levels (hyperkalemia). Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor that may also contribute to increased potassium levels. Monitoring for hyperkalemia is essential due to the risk of serious cardiac arrhythmias. Hypoglycemia (choice
B) and hyperglycemia (choice
D) are not typically associated with these medications. Hypokalemia (choice
C) is the opposite of what is expected with spironolactone.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative. For which of the following findings should the nurse administer ondansetron?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Ondansetron is commonly used to treat nausea and vomiting, especially in postoperative clients. Administering ondansetron for nausea can help alleviate the client's discomfort and prevent further complications.
Choices B, C, and D do not indicate a need for ondansetron as they are not directly related to nausea.
Choice B suggests a need for pain management, choice C indicates normal respiratory rate, and choice D shows a stable blood pressure.
Therefore, administering ondansetron would not be appropriate for these findings.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assisting in the development of an in-service about the varicella vaccine. The nurse should include which of the following examples as a contraindication for receiving the vaccine?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: A client who is pregnant. Varicella vaccine is contraindicated during pregnancy due to potential risks to the fetus. Varicella vaccine is a live vaccine and can pose a risk of transmission to the fetus, potentially causing harm. Other choices are incorrect because: A: Breastfeeding is not a contraindication for varicella vaccine. B: Latex allergy is not a contraindication for varicella vaccine. C: Sinus infection is not a contraindication for varicella vaccine.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who is to start using a scopolamine patch for postoperative nausea and vomiting. Which of the following findings is a contraindication for the client to receive the medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Narrow-angle glaucoma. Scopolamine can cause pupillary dilation, leading to an increase in intraocular pressure, which can worsen narrow-angle glaucoma. This can potentially result in a sudden increase in pressure within the eye, leading to severe pain, vision changes, and even blindness.
Therefore, it is crucial to avoid giving scopolamine to clients with narrow-angle glaucoma to prevent these serious complications.
Choice A: Ménière's disease is not a contraindication for scopolamine patch use.
Choice B: Increased lacrimation is not a contraindication for scopolamine patch use.
Choice D: Urinary frequency is not a contraindication for scopolamine patch use.