ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology 2023 retake 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client before administering a hepatitis B immunization. The nurse should withhold the immunization if the client is allergic to which of the following substances?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Baker's yeast. Hepatitis B vaccines are produced using baker's yeast, specifically Saccharomyces cerevisiae. If a client is allergic to baker's yeast, there is a risk of an allergic reaction to the vaccine. Nuts (
B), wheat (
C), and egg yolk (
D) are not ingredients used in the hepatitis B vaccine production, so allergies to these substances would not necessitate withholding the immunization.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who received diphenhydramine 1 hr ago after developing an allergic reaction to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Which of the following statements by the client should indicate to the nurse that the medication is effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "My voice is no longer hoarse." This statement indicates the effectiveness of diphenhydramine, an antihistamine used to treat allergic reactions. Hoarseness is a common symptom of allergic reactions, so if the client's voice is no longer hoarse, it suggests that the medication has alleviated the allergic response.
A: Increased appetite is not a direct indicator of the effectiveness of diphenhydramine in treating an allergic reaction.
B: Relief from headaches is not a specific symptom related to allergic reactions or a typical indicator of diphenhydramine effectiveness.
D: Feeling more alert is not a direct indicator of the effectiveness of diphenhydramine in treating allergic reactions.
Therefore, option C is the most appropriate choice as it directly relates to the specific symptom of the allergic reaction that diphenhydramine is intended to treat.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has a new prescription for nitrofurantoin to treat a urinary tract infection. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Nitrofurantoin can cause serious adverse effects like Stevens-Johnson syndrome, which is a severe skin reaction. This syndrome presents with flu-like symptoms, followed by a painful rash that can lead to skin peeling and blistering. It is important for the nurse to monitor the client for any signs of skin rash, especially if it is accompanied by mucous membrane involvement. Tinnitus (choice
A) and abdominal cramping (choice
B) are not commonly associated with nitrofurantoin. Insomnia (choice
D) is also not a common adverse effect of this medication.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse in a provider's office is collecting data from a client who continues to have a migraine headache after taking sumatriptan orally 2 hr ago. Which of the following findings is the priority for the nurse to report?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hypertension. This is the priority finding for the nurse to report because sumatriptan, a medication used for migraines, can potentially cause a rare but serious side effect of increased blood pressure. Hypertension can lead to severe complications such as stroke or heart attack. Reporting hypertension promptly allows for timely intervention to prevent harm.
Other choices are less urgent:
A: Tingling sensation is a common side effect of sumatriptan and usually resolves on its own.
C: Dizziness may occur with sumatriptan but is not as concerning as hypertension.
D: Flushing is a common side effect and does not require immediate action like hypertension.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer erythromycin PO to a client who has an infection. The nurse checks the client's medical record and notes that the client has a severe allergy to penicillin. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Rationale:
The correct action is to administer the medication to the client (
Choice
C) because erythromycin is not related to penicillin, and having a severe allergy to penicillin does not contraindicate the use of erythromycin. Premedicating with diphenhydramine (
Choice
A) is not necessary as there is no cross-reactivity between erythromycin and penicillin. Requesting a different route of administration (
Choice
B) is unnecessary as the oral route is appropriate for erythromycin. Requesting a different medication (
Choice
D) is not required, as erythromycin is safe to use in a client with a penicillin allergy.