ATI LPN
ATI PN Pharmacology 2020 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving treatment for chronic alcohol use disorder. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer to assist the client in maintaining abstinence by aversion therapy?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Disulfiram. Disulfiram is an aversion therapy medication used to support clients with alcohol use disorder by causing unpleasant effects, such as nausea and vomiting, if alcohol is consumed. This helps reinforce abstinence. A: Atenolol is a beta-blocker and is not used for aversion therapy. B: Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine used for anxiety and is not for aversion therapy. D: Carbamazepine is an anticonvulsant used for seizures and mood disorders, not for aversion therapy.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching about the varicella vaccine with the guardian of a toddler. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "The vaccine should be avoided in children who have leukemia." This is because children with leukemia have weakened immune systems and may not be able to mount an effective response to the vaccine, making it less effective and potentially harmful. This statement is crucial for the guardian to understand to ensure the safety and efficacy of the vaccine for the toddler.
Choice A is incorrect because the first dose of the varicella vaccine is typically given between 12-15 months of age, not after the child is 3 years old.
Choice B is incorrect as aspirin should not be given to children due to the risk of Reye's syndrome.
Choice D is incorrect as the varicella vaccine is safe for children with egg allergies, as long as precautions are taken.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse in an acute care facility is collecting data from a client who has received the meningococcal conjugate vaccine. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following findings as an adverse effect of the vaccine?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Headache. The meningococcal conjugate vaccine commonly causes headache as an adverse effect. This is due to the body's immune response to the vaccine components. In this scenario, the nurse should monitor the client for headache as it is a known side effect. Blurred vision (
A), tinnitus (
B), and dry mouth (
D) are not typically associated with the meningococcal conjugate vaccine and would not be expected adverse effects. It is important for the nurse to be aware of the common adverse effects of specific vaccines to provide appropriate care and monitoring for clients.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse working in an urgent care clinic is collecting data from a client who takes montelukast. Which of the following is an expected therapeutic effect of this medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Reduced bronchial inflammation. Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist commonly used to manage asthma symptoms by reducing inflammation in the airways. The medication works by blocking the action of leukotrienes, which are chemicals in the body that cause inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and mucus production in the lungs.
Therefore, the expected therapeutic effect of montelukast is to reduce bronchial inflammation, leading to improved breathing and asthma control.
Choice A (Improved peripheral vasodilation) is incorrect because montelukast does not have a direct effect on peripheral vasodilation.
Choice B (Increased WBC Count) is incorrect as montelukast does not affect white blood cell count.
Choice C (Neutralized gastric acid) is incorrect because montelukast is not used for this purpose.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has heart failure and a prescription for a repeat dose of furosemide 40 mg orally. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Review the client's electrolyte levels. This is the priority because furosemide is a diuretic that can cause electrolyte imbalances, especially in older adults with heart failure. Monitoring electrolyte levels is crucial to prevent complications like hypokalemia or hyponatremia. Option A is important but not the priority in this scenario. Option B can be done after the priority action. Option C is important but assessing electrolyte levels takes precedence. Options E, F, and G are not provided in the question and are irrelevant. In summary, monitoring electrolyte levels is crucial to prevent adverse effects of furosemide in this client.